Section: Information / Writing Systems
Variable: Phonetic Alphabetic Writing (All coded records)
Talking about Writing Systems, this refers to the kind of script  
Phonetic Alphabetic Writing
#  Polity  Coded Value Tags Year(s) Edit Desc
1 Early Qing absent Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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2 Late Qing absent Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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3 Archaic Basin of Mexico absent Confident 6000 BCE 2001 BCE
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4 Initial Formative Basin of Mexico absent Confident 2000 BCE 1201 BCE
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5 Early Formative Basin of Mexico absent Confident 1200 BCE 801 BCE
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6 Middle Formative Basin of Mexico absent Confident 800 BCE 401 BCE
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7 Late Formative Basin of Mexico absent Confident 400 BCE 101 BCE
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8 Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico absent Confident 100 BCE 99 CE
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9 Epiclassic Basin of Mexico absent Confident 650 CE 899 CE
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10 Toltecs absent Confident 900 CE 1199 CE
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11 Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico absent Confident 1200 CE 1426 CE
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12 Aztec Empire absent Confident 1427 CE 1526 CE
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13 Hawaii I absent Confident 1000 CE 1200 CE
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14 Hawaii II absent Confident 1200 CE 1580 CE
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15 Hawaii III absent Confident 1580 CE 1778 CE
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16 Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period absent Confident 1778 CE 1819 CE
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17 Cahokia - Early Woodland absent Confident 600 BCE 150 BCE
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18 Cahokia - Middle Woodland absent Confident 150 BCE 300 CE
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19 Cahokia - Late Woodland I absent Confident 300 CE 450 CE
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20 Cahokia - Late Woodland II absent Confident 450 CE 600 CE
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21 Cahokia - Late Woodland III absent Confident 600 CE 750 CE
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22 Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I absent Confident 750 CE 900 CE
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23 Cahokia - Sand Prairie absent Confident 1275 CE 1400 CE
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24 Oneota absent Confident 1400 CE 1650 CE
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25 Early Illinois Confederation unknown Suspected 1640 CE 1717 CE
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26 Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling absent Confident 1055 CE 1199 CE
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27 Cahokia - Moorehead absent Confident 1200 CE 1274 CE
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28 Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II absent Confident 900 CE 1049 CE
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29 Funan I present Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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30 Funan II present Confident 540 CE 640 CE
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31 Chenla present Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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32 Early Angkor present Confident 802 CE 1100 CE
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33 Classical Angkor present Confident 1100 CE 1220 CE
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34 Late Angkor present Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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35 Khmer Kingdom present Confident 1432 CE 1594 CE
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36 Ayutthaya present Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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37 Rattanakosin present Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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38 Kalingga Kingdom present Confident 500 CE 732 CE
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39 Medang Kingdom present Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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40 Kediri Kingdom present Confident 1049 CE 1222 CE
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41 Majapahit Kingdom present Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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42 Mataram Sultanate present Confident 1568 CE 1703 CE
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43 Chuuk - Early Truk absent Confident 1775 CE 1886 CE
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44 Chuuk - Late Truk present Confident 1886 CE 1948 CE
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45 Neolithic Crete absent Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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46 Prepalatial Crete absent Confident 3000 BCE 1900 BCE
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47 The Old Palace Crete present Confident 1900 BCE 1700 BCE
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48 New Palace Crete present Confident 1700 BCE 1450 BCE
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49 Monopalatial Crete present Confident 1450 BCE 1300 BCE
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50 Postpalatial Crete present Confident 1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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51 Final Postpalatial Crete unknown Suspected 1200 BCE 1000 BCE
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52 Geometric Crete present Confident 1000 BCE 710 BCE
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53 Archaic Crete present Confident 710 BCE 500 BCE
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54 Classical Crete present Confident 500 BCE 323 BCE
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55 Hellenistic Crete present Confident 323 BCE 69 BCE
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56 Roman Empire - Principate present Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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57 Roman Empire - Dominate present Confident 285 CE 394 CE
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58 East Roman Empire present Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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59 Byzantine Empire I present Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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60 The Emirate of Crete present Confident 824 CE 961 CE
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61 Byzantine Empire II present Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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62 Byzantine Empire III present Confident 1073 CE 1204 CE
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63 Cuzco - Late Formative absent Confident 500 BCE 200 CE
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64 Cuzco - Early Intermediate I absent Confident 200 CE 499 CE
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65 Cuzco - Early Intermediate II absent Confident 500 CE 649 CE
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66 Wari Empire absent Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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67 Cuzco - Late Intermediate I absent Confident 1000 CE 1250 CE
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68 Cuzco - Late Intermediate II absent Confident 1250 CE 1400 CE
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69 Inca Empire absent Confident 1375 CE 1532 CE
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70 Spanish Empire I present Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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71 Deccan - Neolithic unknown Suspected 2700 BCE 1200 BCE
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72 Deccan - Iron Age unknown Suspected 1200 BCE 300 BCE
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73 Magadha - Maurya Empire present Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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74 Vakataka Kingdom present Confident 255 CE 550 CE
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75 Kadamba Empire present Confident 345 CE 550 CE
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76 Kampili Kingdom present Confident 1280 CE 1327 CE
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77 Vijayanagara Empire present Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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78 Mughal Empire present Confident 1526 CE 1858 CE
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79 British Empire II present Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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80 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early absent Confident 1566 CE 1713 CE
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81 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late absent Confident 1714 CE 1831 CE
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82 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late present Confident 1832 CE 1848 CE
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83 Canaan absent Confident Disputed 1800 BCE 1550 BCE
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84 Canaan present Confident Disputed 1800 BCE 1550 BCE
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85 Canaan present Confident 1550 BCE 1175 BCE
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86 Canaan absent Confident 2000 BCE 1801 BCE
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87 Phoenician Empire present Confident 1200 BCE 332 BCE
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88 Yisrael present Confident 1030 BCE 722 BCE
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89 Neo-Assyrian Empire absent Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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90 Achaemenid Empire present Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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91 Seleucids present Confident 312 BCE 63 BCE
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92 Ptolemaic Kingdom I present Confident 305 BCE 217 BCE
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93 Yehuda present Confident 141 BCE 63 BCE
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94 Early A'chik absent Confident 1775 CE 1867 CE
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95 Late A'chik present Confident 1867 CE 1956 CE
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96 Akan - Pre-Ashanti absent Confident 1501 CE 1701 CE
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97 Ashanti Empire present Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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98 Icelandic Commonwealth present Confident 930 CE 1262 CE
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99 Kingdom of Norway II present Confident 1262 CE 1396 CE
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100 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic absent Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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101 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic absent Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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102 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic absent Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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103 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period absent Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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104 Kachi Plain - Urban Period I absent Inferred 2500 BCE 2100 BCE
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105 Kachi Plain - Urban Period II absent Inferred 2100 BCE 1800 CE
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106 Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period absent Confident 1800 BCE 1300 BCE
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107 Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period absent Confident 1300 BCE 500 BCE
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108 Parthian Empire I present Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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109 Indo-Greek Kingdom present Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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110 Kushan Empire present Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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111 Sasanid Empire I unknown Suspected 205 CE 487 CE
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112 Hephthalites present Inferred 408 CE 561 CE
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113 Sasanid Empire II present Confident 488 CE 642 CE
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114 Umayyad Caliphate present Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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115 Abbasid Caliphate I present Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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116 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period present Confident 854 CE 1193 CE
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117 Ghur Principality present Confident 1025 CE 1215 CE
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118 Delhi Sultanate present Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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119 Sind - Samma Dynasty present Confident 1335 CE 1521 CE
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120 Durrani Empire present Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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121 Japan - Incipient Jomon absent Confident 13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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122 Japan - Initial Jomon absent Confident 9200 BCE 5300 BCE
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123 Japan - Early Jomon absent Confident 5300 BCE 3500 BCE
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124 Japan - Middle Jomon absent Confident 3500 BCE 2500 BCE
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125 Japan - Late Jomon absent Inferred 2500 BCE 1200 BCE
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126 Japan - Final Jomon absent Confident 1200 BCE 300 BCE
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127 Kansai - Yayoi Period absent Confident 300 BCE 250 CE
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128 Kansai - Kofun Period absent Inferred 250 CE 537 CE
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129 Asuka absent Inferred 538 CE 710 CE
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130 Heian present Confident 794 CE 1185 CE
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131 Kamakura Shogunate present Confident 1185 CE 1333 CE
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132 Ashikaga Shogunate present Confident 1336 CE 1467 CE
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133 Warring States Japan present Confident 1467 CE 1568 CE
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134 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama present Confident 1568 CE 1603 CE
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135 Tokugawa Shogunate present Confident 1603 CE 1868 CE
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136 Iban - Pre-Brooke absent Confident 1650 CE 1841 CE
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137 Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial absent Confident 1841 CE 1921 CE
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138 Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial present Confident 1922 CE 1987 CE
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139 Konya Plain - Early Neolithic absent Confident 9600 BCE 7000 BCE
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140 Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic absent Confident 7000 BCE 6600 BCE
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141 Konya Plain - Late Neolithic absent Confident 6600 BCE 6000 BCE
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142 Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic absent Confident 6000 BCE 5500 BCE
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143 Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic absent Inferred 5500 BCE 3000 BCE
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144 Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age absent Confident 3000 BCE 2000 BCE
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145 Hatti - Old Kingdom absent Confident 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
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146 Hatti - New Kingdom present Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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147 Phrygian Kingdom present Confident 900 BCE 695 BCE
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148 Kingdom of Lydia present Confident 670 BCE 546 BCE
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149 Lysimachus Kingdom present Confident 323 BCE 281 BCE
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150 Late Cappadocia present Confident 322 BCE 93 BCE
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151 Rum Sultanate present Confident 1077 CE 1307 CE
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152 Ilkhanate present Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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153 Ottoman Empire I present Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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154 Ottoman Empire II present Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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155 Ottoman Empire III present Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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156 Latium - Copper Age absent Inferred 3600 BCE 1800 BCE
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157 Latium - Bronze Age absent Inferred 1800 BCE 900 BCE
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158 Latium - Iron Age absent Inferred 1000 BCE 580 BCE
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159 Roman Kingdom present Confident 716 BCE 509 BCE
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160 Early Roman Republic present Confident 509 BCE 264 BCE
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161 Middle Roman Republic present Confident 264 BCE 133 BCE
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162 Late Roman Republic present Confident 133 BCE 31 BCE
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163 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity present Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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164 Ostrogothic Kingdom present Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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165 Exarchate of Ravenna present Confident 568 CE 751 CE
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166 Republic of St Peter I present Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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167 Rome - Republic of St Peter II present Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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168 Papal States - High Medieval Period present Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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169 Papal States - Renaissance Period present Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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170 Papal States - Medieval Period I present Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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171 Papal States - Medieval Period II present Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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172 Sakha - Early absent Confident 1400 CE 1632 CE
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173 Sakha - Late present Confident 1801 CE 1900 CE
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174 Sakha - Late absent Confident 1632 CE 1800 CE
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175 Shuar - Colonial absent Confident 1534 CE 1830 CE
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176 Shuar - Ecuadorian absent Confident 1831 CE 1931 CE
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177 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period absent Confident 1550 BCE 1293 BCE
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178 Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period absent Confident 1293 BCE 1070 BCE
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179 Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period absent Confident 1069 BCE 747 BCE
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180 Egypt - Saite Period absent Confident 664 BCE 525 BCE
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181 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period present Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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182 Ptolemaic Kingdom II present Confident 217 BCE 30 BCE
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183 Middle Wagadu Empire absent Confident 700 CE 1077 CE
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184 Fatimid Caliphate present Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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185 Later Wagadu Empire present Inferred 1078 CE 1203 CE
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186 Mali Empire present Inferred 1230 CE 1410 CE
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187 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I present Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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188 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II present Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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189 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III present Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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190 Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty present Inferred 1493 CE 1591 CE
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191 Late Shang absent Confident 1250 BCE 1045 BCE
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192 Western Zhou absent Confident 1122 BCE 771 BCE
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193 Jin absent Confident 780 BCE 404 BCE
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194 Western Han Empire absent Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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195 Eastern Han Empire absent Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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196 Western Jin absent Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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197 Northern Wei present Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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198 Sui Dynasty absent Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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199 Tang Dynasty I absent Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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200 Nara Kingdom present Confident 710 CE 794 CE
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201 Tang Dynasty II absent Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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202 Jin Dynasty absent Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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203 Great Yuan absent Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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204 Great Ming absent Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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205 Xiongnu Imperial Confederation absent Inferred 209 BCE 60 BCE
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206 Late Xiongnu absent Inferred 60 BCE 100 CE
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207 Rouran Khaganate absent Inferred 300 CE 555 CE
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208 Kidarite Kingdom present Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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209 Western Turk Khaganate present Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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210 Eastern Turk Khaganate unknown Suspected 583 CE 630 CE
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211 Uigur Khaganate present Confident 745 CE 840 CE
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212 Samanid Empire present Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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213 Khitan I present Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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214 Kara-Khanids present Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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215 Khwarezmid Empire present Confident 1157 CE 1231 CE
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216 Chagatai Khanate present Inferred 1263 CE 1402 CE
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217 Tudor and Early Stuart England absent Confident 1486 CE 1689 CE
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218 Early Merovingian present Confident 481 CE 543 CE
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219 Lombard Kingdom present Confident 568 CE 774 CE
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220 Middle Merovingian present Confident 543 CE 687 CE
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221 Carolingian Empire I present Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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222 Carolingian Empire II present Confident 840 CE 987 CE
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223 French Kingdom - Early Valois present Confident 1328 CE 1450 CE
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224 Kassite Babylonia present Confident 1595 BCE 1150 BCE
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225 Neo-Babylonian Empire present Confident 626 BCE 539 BCE
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226 Greco-Bactrian Kingdom present Confident 256 BCE 125 BCE
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227 Armenian Kingdom present Confident 188 BCE 6 CE
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228 Yemen Ziyad Dynasty present Confident 822 CE 1037 CE
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229 Saffarid Caliphate present Confident 861 CE 1003 CE
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230 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period present Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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231 Buyid Confederation present Confident 932 CE 1062 CE
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232 Seljuk Sultanate present Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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233 Yemen - Era of Warlords present Confident 1038 CE 1174 CE
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234 Ayyubid Sultanate present Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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235 Timurid Empire present Confident 1370 CE 1526 CE
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236 Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty present Confident 1454 CE 1517 CE
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237 Safavid Empire present Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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238 Mahajanapada era absent Inferred 600 BCE 324 BCE
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239 Magadha - Sunga Empire present Confident 187 BCE 65 BCE
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240 Gupta Empire present Confident 320 CE 550 CE
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241 Magadha present Confident 450 CE 605 CE
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242 Gahadavala Dynasty present Confident 1085 CE 1193 CE
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243 Kingdom of Ayodhya present Confident 64 BCE 34 CE
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244 Kannauj - Varman Dynasty present Confident 650 CE 780 CE
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245 Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty present Confident 730 CE 1030 CE
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246 Yangshao absent Confident 5000 BCE 3000 BCE
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247 Erligang unknown Suspected 1650 BCE 1250 BCE
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248 Early Wei Dynasty absent Confident 445 BCE 225 BCE
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249 Northern Song absent Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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250 Jenne-jeno I absent Confident 250 BCE 49 CE
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251 Jenne-jeno II absent Confident 50 CE 399 CE
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252 Jenne-jeno III absent Confident 400 CE 899 CE
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253 Jenne-jeno IV absent Confident 900 CE 1300 CE
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254 Saadi Sultanate present Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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255 Neguanje absent Confident 250 CE 1050 CE
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256 Tairona absent Confident 1050 CE 1524 CE
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257 Early Xiongnu absent Inferred 1400 BCE 300 BCE
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258 Xianbei Confederation unknown Suspected 100 CE 250 CE
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259 Second Turk Khaganate present Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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260 Early Mongols absent Confident 1000 CE 1206 CE
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261 Late Mongols present Confident 1368 CE 1690 CE
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262 Zungharian Empire present Confident 1670 CE 1757 CE
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263 Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial absent Confident 1734 CE 1883 CE
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264 Orokaiva - Colonial present Confident 1884 CE 1942 CE
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265 Beaker Culture unknown Suspected 3200 BCE 2000 BCE
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266 Atlantic Complex unknown Suspected 2200 BCE 1000 BCE
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267 Hallstatt A-B1 unknown Suspected 1000 BCE 900 BCE
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268 Hallstatt B2-3 unknown Suspected 900 BCE 700 BCE
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269 Hallstatt C unknown Suspected 700 BCE 600 BCE
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270 Hallstatt D unknown Suspected 600 BCE 475 BCE
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271 La Tene A-B1 absent Inferred 475 BCE 325 BCE
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272 La Tene B2-C1 present Inferred 325 BCE 175 BCE
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273 La Tene C2-D present Inferred 175 BCE 27 BCE
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274 Proto-Carolingian present Confident 687 CE 751 CE
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275 Proto-French Kingdom present Confident 987 CE 1150 CE
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276 French Kingdom - Late Capetian present Confident 1150 CE 1328 CE
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277 French Kingdom - Late Valois present Confident 1450 CE 1589 CE
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278 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon present Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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279 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon present Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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280 Sarazm absent Confident 3500 BCE 2000 BCE
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281 Andronovo absent Confident 1800 BCE 1200 BCE
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282 Koktepe I absent Confident 1400 BCE 1000 BCE
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283 Ancient Khwarazm absent Confident 1000 BCE 521 BCE
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284 Koktepe II absent Confident 750 BCE 550 BCE
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285 Tocharians present Confident 129 BCE 29 CE
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286 Sogdiana - City-States Period present Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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287 Khanate of Bukhara present Confident 1599 CE 1747 CE
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288 Hmong - Late Qing absent Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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289 Hmong - Early Chinese absent Inferred 1895 CE 1941 CE
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290 Ubaid absent Confident 5500 BCE 4201 BCE
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291 Uruk absent Confident 4000 BCE 2900 BCE
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292 Early Dynastic absent Confident 2900 BCE 2500 BCE
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293 Isin-Larsa present Confident 2004 BCE 1763 BCE
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294 Second Dynasty of Isin present Confident 1153 BCE 1027 BCE
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295 Bazi Dynasty present Confident 1005 BCE 986 BCE
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296 Dynasty of E present Confident 979 BCE 732 BCE
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297 Parthian Empire II present Confident 41 CE 226 CE
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298 Abbasid Caliphate II present Confident 1191 CE 1258 CE
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299 Pre-Ceramic Period absent Confident 7800 BCE 7200 BCE
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300 Formative Period absent Confident 7200 BCE 7000 BCE
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301 Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar absent Confident 7000 BCE 6000 BCE
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302 Susiana A absent Confident 6000 BCE 5700 BCE
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303 Susiana B absent Confident 5700 BCE 5100 BCE
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304 Susiana - Early Ubaid absent Confident 5100 BCE 4700 BCE
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305 Susiana - Late Ubaid absent Confident 4700 BCE 4300 BCE
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306 Susa I absent Confident 4300 BCE 3800 BCE
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307 Elam - Shimashki Period present Confident 2028 BCE 1940 BCE
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308 Elam - Late Sukkalmah present Confident 1700 BCE 1500 BCE
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309 Elam - Kidinuid Period absent Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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310 Elam - Shutrukid Period present Confident 1199 BCE 1100 BCE
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311 Elam - Crisis Period unknown Suspected 1100 BCE 900 BCE
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312 Elam I present Confident 900 BCE 744 BCE
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313 Elam II present Confident 743 BCE 647 BCE
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314 Elam III present Confident 612 BCE 539 BCE
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315 Elymais II present Confident 25 CE 215 CE
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316 Ak Koyunlu present Confident 1339 CE 1501 CE
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317 Badarian absent Inferred 4400 BCE 3800 BCE
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318 Naqada I absent Inferred 3800 BCE 3550 BCE
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319 Naqada II absent Inferred 3550 BCE 3300 BCE
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320 Egypt - Dynasty 0 absent Confident 3300 BCE 3100 BCE
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321 Egypt - Dynasty I absent Confident 3100 BCE 2900 BCE
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322 Egypt - Dynasty II absent Confident 2900 BCE 2687 BCE
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323 Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom absent Confident 2650 BCE 2350 BCE
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324 Egypt - Late Old Kingdom absent Confident 2350 BCE 2150 BCE
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325 Egypt - Period of the Regions absent Confident 2150 BCE 2016 BCE
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326 Egypt - Middle Kingdom absent Confident 2016 BCE 1700 BCE
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327 Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period absent Confident 1720 BCE 1567 BCE
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328 Egypt - Kushite Period absent Confident 747 BCE 656 BCE
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329 Oaxaca - Tierras Largas absent Confident 1400 BCE 1150 BCE
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330 Oaxaca - San Jose absent Confident 1150 BCE 700 BCE
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331 Oaxaca - Rosario absent Confident 700 BCE 500 BCE
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332 Early Monte Alban I absent Confident 500 BCE 300 BCE
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333 Monte Alban Late I absent Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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334 Monte Alban II absent Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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335 Monte Alban III absent Confident 200 CE 500 CE
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336 Monte Alban IIIB and IV absent Confident 500 CE 900 CE
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337 Monte Alban V absent Confident 900 CE 1520 CE
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338 Sabaean Commonwealth present Confident 800 BCE 451 BCE
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339 Qatabanian Commonwealth present Confident 450 BCE 111 BCE
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340 Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan present Confident 110 BCE 149 CE
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341 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty present Confident 1637 CE 1805 CE
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342 Hohokam Culture absent Confident 300 CE 1500 CE
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343 Antebellum US present Confident 1776 CE 1865 CE
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344 Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I present Confident 1454 CE 1648 CE
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345 Napoleonic France present Confident 1816 CE 1870 CE
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346 Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II present Confident 1867 CE 1918 CE
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347 Kingdom of Bohemia - Luxembourgian and Jagiellonian Dynasty present Confident 1310 CE 1526 CE
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348 Spanish Empire II present Confident 1716 CE 1814 CE
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349 Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II present Confident 1776 CE 1917 CE
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350 Golden Horde absent Confident 1240 CE 1440 CE
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351 Us Reconstruction-Progressive present Confident 1866 CE 1933 CE
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352 Chaco Canyon - Late Bonito phase absent Confident 1101 CE 1140 CE
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353 Alaouite Dynasty I present Confident 1631 CE 1727 CE
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354 Plantagenet England present Confident 1154 CE 1485 CE
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355 British Empire I present Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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356 Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I present Confident 1614 CE 1775 CE
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357 Soviet Union present Confident 1923 CE 1991 CE
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358 Early Modern Sierra Leone present Confident 1833 CE 1896 CE
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359 Early Modern Sierra Leone absent Inferred 1650 CE 1832 CE
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360 Kaabu unknown Suspected 1550 CE 1699 CE
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361 Kaabu present Confident 1700 CE 1867 CE
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362 Futa Jallon present Confident 1725 CE 1896 CE
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363 Mane absent Inferred 1550 CE 1650 CE
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364 Pre-Sape Sierra Leone absent Inferred 600 CE 1400 CE
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365 Sape absent Inferred 1400 CE 1550 CE
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366 Pandya Empire present Confident 1250 CE 1323 CE
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367 Dambadaneiya present Confident 1232 CE 1293 CE
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368 Anurādhapura IV present Confident 614 CE 1017 CE
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369 Polonnaruwa present Confident 1070 CE 1255 CE
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370 Anurādhapura III present Confident 428 CE 614 CE
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371 Dutch Empire present Confident 1648 CE 1795 CE
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372 Anurādhapura I present Confident 300 BCE 70 CE
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373 Jaffna present Confident 1310 CE 1591 CE
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374 Anurādhapura II present Confident 70 CE 428 CE
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375 Adal Sultanate present Confident 1375 CE 1543 CE
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376 Tunni Sultanate present Confident 800 CE 1200 CE
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377 Ajuran Sultanate present Confident 1250 CE 1700 CE
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378 Habr Yunis present Confident 1300 CE 1886 CE
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379 Sultanate of Geledi present Confident 1750 CE 1911 CE
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380 Shoa Sultanate present Confident 1108 CE 1285 CE
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381 Harla Kingdom present Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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382 Ifat Sultanate present Confident 1280 CE 1375 CE
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383 Majeerteen Sultanate present Confident 1750 CE 1926 CE
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384 Funj Sultanate present Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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385 Isaaq Sultanate present Confident 1300 CE 1886 CE
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386 Proto-Yoruba absent Confident 301 CE 649 CE
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387 Classical Ife absent Confident 1000 CE 1400 CE
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388 Late Formative Yoruba absent Confident 650 CE 1049 CE
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389 Allada absent Confident 1100 CE 1724 CE
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390 Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́ present Confident 1601 CE 1835 CE
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391 Whydah absent Inferred 1671 CE 1727 CE
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392 Oyo absent Confident 1300 CE 1535 CE
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393 Proto-Yoruboid absent Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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394 Sokoto Caliphate present Confident 1804 CE 1904 CE
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395 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì absent Inferred 1043 CE 1911 CE
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396 Hausa bakwai present Confident 900 CE 1808 CE
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397 Kanem-Borno present Confident 1380 CE 1893 CE
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398 Foys absent Confident 1600 CE 1892 CE
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399 Benin Empire absent Inferred 1140 CE 1897 CE
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400 Imamate of Futa Toro present Confident 1776 CE 1860 CE
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401 Kingdom of Jolof present Confident 1549 CE 1865 CE
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402 Buganda present Confident 1860 CE 1894 CE
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403 Buganda absent Confident 1700 CE 1859 CE
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404 Toro absent Confident 1830 CE 1896 CE
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405 Buganda absent Confident 1450 CE 1699 CE
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406 Karagwe absent Confident 1500 CE 1916 CE
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407 Kingdom of Nyinginya absent Confident 1650 CE 1897 CE
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408 Nkore absent Confident 1450 CE 1749 CE
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409 Ndorwa absent Confident 1700 CE 1800 CE
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410 Burundi absent Confident 1680 CE 1903 CE
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411 Mubari absent Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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412 Gisaka absent Confident 1700 CE 1867 CE
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413 Fipa absent Confident 1600 CE 1890 CE
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414 Bugesera absent Confident 1700 CE 1799 CE
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415 Nkore absent Confident 1750 CE 1859 CE
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416 Nkore unknown Suspected 1860 CE 1901 CE
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417 Buhaya absent Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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418 Pandya Dynasty present Confident 590 CE 915 CE
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419 Early Cholas present Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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420 Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom present Confident 1675 CE 1799 CE
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421 Early Pandyas present Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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422 Carnatic Sultanate present Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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423 Late Pallava Empire present Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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424 Kalabhra Dynasty present Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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425 Nayaks of Thanjavur present Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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426 Nayaks of Madurai present Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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427 British Empire IIIIIIIIII present Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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428 Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty present Confident 919 CE 1125 CE
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