Section: Religious Landscape
Variable: Elites Religion (All coded records)
Coded to capture the religion associated with or favored by the political or societal elites within the polity, this variable reflects the specific religious belief system prevalent among the elite class, if identifiable.  
Elites Religion
#  Polity  Coded Value Tags Year(s) Edit Desc
1 Early Qing Confucianism Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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2 Late Qing Confucianism Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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3 Initial Formative Basin of Mexico Early Formative Religion Confident 2000 BCE 1201 BCE
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4 Early Formative Basin of Mexico Early Formative religion Confident 1200 BCE 801 BCE
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5 Middle Formative Basin of Mexico Middle Formative religion Confident 800 BCE 401 BCE
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6 Late Formative Basin of Mexico Late Formative religion Confident 400 BCE 101 BCE
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7 Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico Terminal Formative religion Confident 100 BCE 99 CE
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8 Classic Basin of Mexico Teotihuacán religion Confident 100 CE 649 CE
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9 Epiclassic Basin of Mexico Epiclassic religion Confident 650 CE 899 CE
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10 Toltecs Toltec religion Confident 900 CE 1199 CE
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11 * Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico Mesoamerican Religions Confident 1200 CE 1426 CE
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12 * Aztec Empire Mesoamerican Religions Confident 1427 CE 1526 CE
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13 Hawaii I Hawaiian Religion Confident 1000 CE 1200 CE
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14 Hawaii II Hawaiian Religion Confident 1200 CE 1580 CE
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15 Hawaii III Hawaiian Religion Confident 1580 CE 1778 CE
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16 Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period Hawaiian Religion Confident 1778 CE 1819 CE
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17 Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period Calvinist Christianity Confident 1820 CE 1898 CE
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18 Early Illinois Confederation Illini religion Confident 1640 CE 1717 CE
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19 Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling Mississippian Religion Confident 1055 CE 1199 CE
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20 Funan I unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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21 Funan II Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 540 CE 640 CE
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22 Chenla Saivist Hinduism Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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23 Early Angkor Saivist Hinduism Confident 802 CE 1100 CE
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24 Classical Angkor Saivist Hinduism Confident 1100 CE 1220 CE
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25 Late Angkor Theraväda Buddhism Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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26 Late Angkor Shaivism Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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27 Khmer Kingdom Theraväda Buddhism Confident 1432 CE 1594 CE
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28 Ayutthaya Theraväda Buddhism Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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29 Rattanakosin Theraväda Buddhism Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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30 Medang Kingdom Mahayana Buddhism Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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31 Medang Kingdom Saivist Hinduism Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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32 Kediri Kingdom Saivist Hinduism Confident 1049 CE 1222 CE
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33 Majapahit Kingdom Hindu-Buddhism Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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34 Mataram Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1568 CE 1703 CE
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35 Chuuk - Early Truk Trukese Religion Confident 1775 CE 1886 CE
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36 Chuuk - Late Truk Trukese Religion Confident 1886 CE 1948 CE
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37 Prepalatial Crete Prepalatial Minoan Religion Confident 3000 BCE 1900 BCE
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38 The Old Palace Crete Old Palace Minoan Religion Confident 1900 BCE 1700 BCE
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39 New Palace Crete New Palace Minoan Religion Confident 1700 BCE 1450 BCE
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40 Postpalatial Crete Minoan Religion Confident 1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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41 Final Postpalatial Crete Minoan Religion Confident 1200 BCE 1000 BCE
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42 Archaic Crete Ancient Greek Religion Confident 710 BCE 500 BCE
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43 Hellenistic Crete Hellenistic Religion Confident 323 BCE 69 BCE
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44 Roman Empire - Principate Roman Religion Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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45 Roman Empire - Dominate Roman Religion Confident 285 CE 380 CE
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46 Roman Empire - Dominate Christianity Confident 380 CE 394 CE
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47 East Roman Empire Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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48 Byzantine Empire I Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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49 The Emirate of Crete Sunni Islam Confident 824 CE 961 CE
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50 Byzantine Empire II Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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51 Wari Empire Wari religion Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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52 Cuzco - Late Intermediate I pre-Inca religion Confident 1000 CE 1250 CE
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53 Cuzco - Late Intermediate II pre-Inca religion Confident 1250 CE 1400 CE
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54 Inca Empire Inca religion Confident 1375 CE 1532 CE
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55 Spanish Empire I Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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56 Magadha - Maurya Empire Ajivika Religion Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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57 Magadha - Maurya Empire Jainism Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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58 Magadha - Maurya Empire Hinduism Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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59 Magadha - Maurya Empire Buddhism Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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60 Vakataka Kingdom Hinduism Confident 255 CE 550 CE
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61 Chalukyas of Badami Saivist Hinduism Confident 655 CE 753 CE
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62 Chalukyas of Badami Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 543 CE 654 CE
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63 Rashtrakuta Empire Smarta Hinduism Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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64 Rashtrakuta Empire Jainism Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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65 Chalukyas of Kalyani Saivist Hinduism Confident 973 CE 1189 CE
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66 Hoysala Kingdom Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 1108 CE 1346 CE
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67 Kampili Kingdom Hinduism Confident 1280 CE 1327 CE
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68 Vijayanagara Empire Hinduism Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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69 British Empire II Anglican Christianity Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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70 Proto-Haudenosaunee Confederacy Iroquois Religion Confident 1300 CE 1565 CE
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71 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early Iroquois Religion Confident 1566 CE 1713 CE
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72 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late Iroquois Religion Confident 1714 CE 1848 CE
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73 Phoenician Empire Canaanite Religion Confident 1200 BCE 332 BCE
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74 Yisrael Yahwism Confident 1030 BCE 722 BCE
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75 Neo-Assyrian Empire Assyrian Religion Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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76 Achaemenid Empire Zoroastrianism Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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77 Seleucids Ancient Greek Religion Confident 312 BCE 63 BCE
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78 Ptolemaic Kingdom I Greco-Egyptian Religion Confident 305 BCE 217 BCE
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79 Yehuda Judaism Confident 141 BCE 63 BCE
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80 Early A'chik Achik Religion Confident 1775 CE 1867 CE
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81 Late A'chik Achik Religion Confident 1867 CE 1956 CE
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82 Akan - Pre-Ashanti Akan Religion Confident 1501 CE 1701 CE
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83 Ashanti Empire Akan Religion Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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84 Icelandic Commonwealth Christianity Confident 1000 CE 1262 CE
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85 Icelandic Commonwealth Old Norse Religion Confident 930 CE 999 CE
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86 Kingdom of Norway II Christianity Confident 1262 CE 1396 CE
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87 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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88 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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89 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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90 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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91 Parthian Empire I Zoroastrianism Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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92 Indo-Greek Kingdom Ancient Greek Religion Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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93 Indo-Greek Kingdom Buddhism Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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94 Sasanid Empire I Zoroastrianism Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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95 Hephthalites Hephthalite Religion Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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96 Umayyad Caliphate Sunni Islam Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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97 Abbasid Caliphate I Sunni Islam Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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98 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period Sunni Islam Confident 854 CE 1193 CE
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99 Ghur Principality Sunni Islam Confident 1025 CE 1215 CE
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100 Delhi Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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101 Sind - Samma Dynasty Sunni Islam Confident 1335 CE 1521 CE
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102 Durrani Empire Islam Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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103 Japan - Final Jomon Jomon Religion Confident 1200 BCE 300 BCE
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104 Kansai - Yayoi Period Yayoi Religion Confident 300 BCE 250 CE
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105 Kansai - Kofun Period Kofun religion Confident 250 CE 537 CE
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106 Asuka Shinto Confident 538 CE 710 CE
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107 Asuka Buddhism Confident 538 CE 710 CE
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108 Heian Shinto-Buddhism Confident 794 CE 1185 CE
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109 Kamakura Shogunate Mahayana Buddhism Confident 1185 CE 1333 CE
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110 Kamakura Shogunate Shinto-Buddhism Confident 1185 CE 1333 CE
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111 Ashikaga Shogunate Mahayana Buddhism Confident 1336 CE 1467 CE
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112 Warring States Japan Shinto-Buddhism Confident 1467 CE 1568 CE
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113 Warring States Japan Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1467 CE 1568 CE
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114 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1568 CE 1603 CE
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115 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama Shinto-Buddhism Confident 1568 CE 1603 CE
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116 Tokugawa Shogunate Shinto Confident 1603 CE 1868 CE
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117 Iban - Pre-Brooke Iban Religion Confident 1650 CE 1841 CE
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118 Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial Iban Religion Confident 1841 CE 1987 CE
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119 Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic unknown Suspected 5500 BCE 3000 BCE
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120 Hatti - Old Kingdom Hittite Religion Confident 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
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121 Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II Hittite Religion Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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122 Hatti - New Kingdom Hittite Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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123 Neo-Hittite Kingdoms Hittite Religion Confident 1180 BCE 900 BCE
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124 Phrygian Kingdom Phrygian Religion Confident 900 BCE 695 BCE
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125 Kingdom of Lydia Phrygian Religion Confident 670 BCE 546 BCE
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126 Lysimachus Kingdom Hellenistic Religion Confident 323 BCE 281 BCE
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127 Rum Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1077 CE 1307 CE
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128 Ilkhanate Islam Confident 1295 CE 1339 CE
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129 Ilkhanate Mongolian Shamanism Confident 1256 CE 1294 CE
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130 Ottoman Emirate Sunni Islam Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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131 Ottoman Empire I Sunni Islam Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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132 Ottoman Empire II Sunni Islam Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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133 Ottoman Empire III Sunni Islam Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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134 Ottoman Empire IV Sunni Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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135 Roman Kingdom Etruscan Religion Confident 716 BCE 509 BCE
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136 Roman Kingdom Roman Religion Confident 716 BCE 509 BCE
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137 Early Roman Republic Amalgamation of Roman Religion Etruscan Religion and local ‘cult’ practices Confident 509 BCE 264 BCE
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138 Middle Roman Republic Roman Religion Confident 264 BCE 133 BCE
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139 Late Roman Republic Roman Religion Confident 133 BCE 31 BCE
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140 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity Christianity Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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141 Ostrogothic Kingdom Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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142 Ostrogothic Kingdom Arianism Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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143 Republic of St Peter I Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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144 Rome - Republic of St Peter II Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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145 Papal States - High Medieval Period Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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146 Papal States - Renaissance Period Roman Catholicism Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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147 Papal States - Medieval Period I Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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148 Papal States - Medieval Period II Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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149 Sakha - Late Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 1632 CE 1900 CE
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150 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 1550 BCE 1293 BCE
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151 Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 1293 BCE 1070 BCE
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152 Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 1069 BCE 747 BCE
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153 Egypt - Saite Period Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 664 BCE 525 BCE
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154 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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155 Ptolemaic Kingdom II Greco-Egyptian Religion Confident 217 BCE 30 BCE
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156 Axum I Ethiopo-Sabaean Religion Confident 149 BCE 349 CE
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157 Axum II Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity Confident 350 CE 599 CE
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158 Axum III Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity Confident 600 CE 800 CE
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159 Middle Wagadu Empire Islam Confident 700 CE 1077 CE
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160 Middle Wagadu Empire Wagadu Religion Confident 700 CE 1077 CE
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161 Kanem Empire unknown Suspected 850 CE 1380 CE
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162 Fatimid Caliphate Shia Islam Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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163 Almoravids Sunni Islam Confident 1035 CE 1150 CE
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164 Later Wagadu Empire Islam Confident 1078 CE 1203 CE
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165 Zagwe Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity Confident 1137 CE 1269 CE
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166 Mali Empire Islam Confident 1230 CE 1410 CE
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167 Mali Empire Mande Religion Confident 1230 CE 1410 CE
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168 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I Sunni Islam Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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169 Ethiopia Kingdom Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity Confident 1270 CE 1500 CE
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170 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II Sunni Islam Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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171 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III Sunni Islam Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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172 Late Shang Shang Religion Confident 1250 BCE 1045 BCE
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173 Western Zhou Chinese Popular Religion Confident 1122 BCE 771 BCE
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174 Qin Empire Chinese Popular Religion Confident 338 BCE 207 BCE
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175 Western Han Empire Confucianism Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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176 Eastern Han Empire Confucianism Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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177 Western Jin Confucianism Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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178 Northern Wei Buddhism Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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179 Northern Wei Daoism Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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180 Sui Dynasty Buddhism Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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181 Nara Kingdom Shinto-Buddhism Confident 710 CE 794 CE
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182 Tang Dynasty II Buddhism Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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183 Tang Dynasty II Daoism Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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184 Jin Dynasty Buddhism Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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185 Mongol Empire Mongol Religion Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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186 Great Yuan Tibetan Buddhism Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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187 Great Ming Confucianism Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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188 Xiongnu Imperial Confederation Xiongnu Religion Confident 209 BCE 60 BCE
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189 Late Xiongnu Xiongnu Religion Confident 60 BCE 100 CE
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190 Rouran Khaganate Rouran Religion Confident 300 CE 499 CE
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191 Rouran Khaganate Buddhism Confident 500 CE 551 CE
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192 Kidarite Kingdom Hinduism Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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193 Kidarite Kingdom Hinayana Buddhism Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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194 Kidarite Kingdom Zoroastrianism Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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195 Western Turk Khaganate Turkic Religion Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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196 Eastern Turk Khaganate Turkic Religion Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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197 Uigur Khaganate Manichaeism Confident 745 CE 840 CE
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198 Samanid Empire Sunni Islam Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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199 Khitan I Buddhism Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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200 Kara-Khanids Islam Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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201 Chagatai Khanate Mongolian Shamanism Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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202 Chagatai Khanate Buddhism Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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203 Chagatai Khanate Islam Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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204 Early Merovingian Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 481 CE 543 CE
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205 Middle Merovingian Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 543 CE 687 CE
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206 Carolingian Empire I Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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207 Carolingian Empire II Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 840 CE 987 CE
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208 French Kingdom - Early Valois Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1328 CE 1450 CE
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209 Neo-Babylonian Empire Mesopotamian Religion Confident 626 BCE 539 BCE
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210 Greco-Bactrian Kingdom Ancient Greek Religion Confident 256 BCE 125 BCE
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211 Himyar I South Arabian Religion Confident 270 CE 340 CE
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212 Yemen Hijaz Islam Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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213 Yemen Ziyad Dynasty Sunni Islam Confident 822 CE 1037 CE
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214 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period Sunni Islam Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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215 Buyid Confederation Shia Islam Confident 932 CE 1062 CE
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216 Seljuk Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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217 Yemen - Era of Warlords Shia Islam Confident 1038 CE 1174 CE
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218 Ayyubid Sultanate Islam Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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219 Rasulid Dynasty Sunni Islam Confident 1229 CE 1453 CE
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220 Timurid Empire Sufi Islam Confident 1370 CE 1526 CE
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221 Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty Islam Confident 1454 CE 1517 CE
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222 Safavid Empire Shia Islam Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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223 Mahajanapada era Vedic Hinduism Confident 600 BCE 324 BCE
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224 Magadha - Sunga Empire Vedic Hinduism Confident 187 BCE 65 BCE
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225 Gupta Empire Saivist Hinduism Confident Disputed 320 CE 550 CE
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226 Gupta Empire Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident Disputed 320 CE 550 CE
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227 Gupta Empire Hinduism Confident 320 CE 550 CE
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228 Pala Empire Buddhism Confident 750 CE 1174 CE
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229 Chola Empire Saivist Hinduism Confident 849 CE 1280 CE
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230 Gahadavala Dynasty Saivist Hinduism Confident 1085 CE 1193 CE
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231 Bengal Sultanate Islam Confident 1338 CE 1538 CE
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232 Bahmani Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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233 Bahmani Sultanate Shia Islam Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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234 Neolithic Middle Ganga Sunni Islam Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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235 Chalcolithic Middle Ganga unknown Suspected 3000 BCE 601 BCE
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236 Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty Hinduism Confident 730 CE 1030 CE
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237 Saadi Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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238 Bamana kingdom Bamana Religion Confident 1712 CE 1861 CE
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239 Neguanje Tairona Religion Confident 250 CE 1050 CE
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240 Tairona Tairona Religion Confident 1050 CE 1524 CE
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241 Xianbei Confederation Tengrism Confident 100 CE 250 CE
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242 Second Turk Khaganate Turkic Religion Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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243 Late Mongols Mongolian Shamanism Confident 1368 CE 1690 CE
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244 Late Mongols Buddhism Confident 1368 CE 1690 CE
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245 Zungharian Empire Mahayana Buddhism Confident 1670 CE 1757 CE
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246 Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial Orokaiva Religion Confident 1734 CE 1883 CE
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247 Orokaiva - Colonial Orokaiva Religion Confident 1884 CE 1942 CE
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248 Orokaiva - Colonial Anglican Christianity Confident 1884 CE 1942 CE
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249 Hallstatt A-B1 Urnfield Culture Religion Confident 1000 BCE 900 BCE
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250 La Tene A-B1 Celtic Religion Confident 475 BCE 325 BCE
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251 La Tene B2-C1 Celtic Religion Confident 325 BCE 175 BCE
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252 La Tene C2-D Celtic Religion Confident 175 BCE 27 BCE
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253 Proto-Carolingian Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 687 CE 751 CE
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254 Proto-French Kingdom Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 987 CE 1150 CE
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255 French Kingdom - Late Capetian Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1150 CE 1328 CE
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256 French Kingdom - Late Valois Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1450 CE 1589 CE
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257 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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258 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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259 Andronovo Andronovan Religion Confident 1800 BCE 1200 BCE
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260 Ancient Khwarazm Ancient Khwarazm Religion Confident 1000 BCE 521 BCE
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261 Sogdiana - City-States Period Zoroastrianism Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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262 Khanate of Bukhara Sunni Islam Confident 1599 CE 1747 CE
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263 Hmong - Late Qing Hmong Religion Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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264 Hmong - Early Chinese Protestant Christianity Confident 1895 CE 1941 CE
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265 Hmong - Early Chinese Hmong Religion Confident 1895 CE 1941 CE
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266 Uruk Mesopotamian Religion Confident 4000 BCE 2900 BCE
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267 Early Dynastic Mesopotamian Religion Confident 2900 BCE 2500 BCE
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268 Akkadian Empire Akkadian Religion Confident 2270 BCE 2083 BCE
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269 Ur - Dynasty III Mesopotamian Religion Confident 2112 BCE 2004 BCE
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270 Isin-Larsa Mesopotamian Religion Confident 2004 BCE 1763 BCE
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271 Amorite Babylonia Mesopotamian Religion Confident 2000 BCE 1600 BCE
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272 Dynasty of E Mesopotamian Religion Confident 979 BCE 732 BCE
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273 Elam - Awan Dynasty I Elamite Religion Confident 2675 BCE 2100 BCE
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274 Elam - Shimashki Period Elamite Religion Confident 2028 BCE 1940 BCE
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275 Elam - Early Sukkalmah Elamite Religion Confident 1900 BCE 1701 BCE
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276 Elam - Late Sukkalmah Elamite Religion Confident 1700 BCE 1500 BCE
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277 Elam - Kidinuid Period Elamite Religion Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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278 Elam - Igihalkid Period Elamite Religion Confident 1399 BCE 1200 BCE
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279 Elam - Shutrukid Period Elamite Religion Confident 1199 BCE 1100 BCE
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280 Elam - Crisis Period Elamite Religion Confident 1100 BCE 900 BCE
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281 Elam I Elamite Religion Confident 900 BCE 744 BCE
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282 Elam II Elamite Religion Confident 743 BCE 647 BCE
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283 Elam III Elamite Religion Confident 612 BCE 539 BCE
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284 Macedonian Empire Hellenistic Religion Confident 330 BCE 312 BCE
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285 Elymais II Mesopotamian Religion Confident 25 CE 215 CE
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286 Ak Koyunlu Sunni Islam Confident 1339 CE 1501 CE
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287 Qajar Twelver Shia Islam Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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288 Naqada II Naqada Religion Confident 3550 BCE 3300 BCE
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289 Egypt - Dynasty 0 Naqada Religion Confident 3300 BCE 3100 BCE
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290 Egypt - Dynasty I Early Dynastic Egyptian Religion Confident 3100 BCE 2900 BCE
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291 Egypt - Dynasty II Early Dynastic Egyptian Religion Confident 2900 BCE 2687 BCE
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292 Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 2650 BCE 2350 BCE
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293 Egypt - Late Old Kingdom Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 2350 BCE 2150 BCE
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294 Egypt - Period of the Regions Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 2150 BCE 2016 BCE
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295 Egypt - Middle Kingdom Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 2016 BCE 1700 BCE
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296 Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 1720 BCE 1567 BCE
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297 Egypt - Kushite Period Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 747 BCE 656 BCE
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298 Oaxaca - Tierras Largas Otomanguean Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1150 BCE
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299 Oaxaca - San Jose Otomanguean Religion Confident 1150 BCE 700 BCE
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300 Oaxaca - Rosario Otomanguean Religion Confident 700 BCE 500 BCE
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301 Early Monte Alban I Zapotec Religion Confident 500 BCE 300 BCE
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302 Monte Alban Late I Zapotec Religion Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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303 Monte Alban II Zapotec Religion Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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304 Monte Alban III Zapotec Religion Confident 200 CE 500 CE
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305 Monte Alban IIIB and IV Zapotec Religion Confident 500 CE 900 CE
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306 Monte Alban V Zapotec Religion Confident 900 CE 1520 CE
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307 Bito Dynasty Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1700 CE 1894 CE
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308 Sabaean Commonwealth South Arabian Religion Confident 800 BCE 451 BCE
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309 Qatabanian Commonwealth South Arabian Religion Confident 450 BCE 111 BCE
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310 Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan South Arabian Religion Confident 110 BCE 149 CE
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311 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty Shia Islam Confident 1637 CE 1805 CE
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312 Republic of Venice III Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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313 Republic of Venice IV Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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314 British Empire I Anglican Christianity Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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315 Sur Empire Islam Confident 1540 CE 1556 CE
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316 Early Modern Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Religion Confident 1650 CE 1896 CE
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317 Kaabu Kaabu Religion Confident 1500 CE 1867 CE
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318 Freetown Protestant Christianity Confident 1787 CE 1808 CE
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319 Mane Sape Mane Religion Confident 1550 CE 1650 CE
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320 Middle and Late Nok Nok Religion Confident 1500 BCE 901 BCE
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321 Middle and Late Nok Nok Religion Confident 900 BCE 0 CE
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322 Pre-Sape Sierra Leone unknown Suspected 600 CE 1400 CE
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323 Mossi Mossi Religion Confident 1100 CE 1897 CE
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324 Toutswe Mwali Religion Confident 700 CE 1250 CE
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325 Great Zimbabwe Mwali Religion Confident 1270 CE 1550 CE
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326 Torwa-Rozvi Mwali Religion Confident 1494 CE 1850 CE
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327 Mutapa Mwali Religion Confident 1450 CE 1880 CE
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328 Pandya Empire Saivist Hinduism Confident 1250 CE 1323 CE
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329 Dambadaneiya Buddhism Confident 1232 CE 1293 CE
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330 Anurādhapura IV Theraväda Buddhism Confident 614 CE 1017 CE
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331 Polonnaruwa Theraväda Buddhism Confident 1070 CE 1255 CE
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332 Anurādhapura III Theraväda Buddhism Confident 428 CE 614 CE
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333 Anurādhapura I Theraväda Buddhism Confident 300 BCE 70 CE
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334 Jaffna Buddhism Confident 1310 CE 1591 CE
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335 Anurādhapura II Theraväda Buddhism Confident 70 CE 428 CE
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336 Kingdom of Jimma Sunni Islam Confident 1830 CE 1932 CE
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337 Kingdom of Jimma Oromo Religion Confident 1790 CE 1829 CE
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338 Adal Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1375 CE 1543 CE
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339 Habr Yunis Sufi Islam Confident 1300 CE 1886 CE
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340 Kingdom of Gomma Sunni Islam Confident 1780 CE 1886 CE
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341 Sultanate of Geledi Sufi Islam Confident 1750 CE 1911 CE
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342 Harla Kingdom Ethiopian Religion Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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343 Harla Kingdom Sunni Islam Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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344 Hadiya Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1300 CE 1680 CE
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345 Medri Bahri Islam Confident 1751 CE 1889 CE
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346 Medri Bahri Eritrean Orthodox Christianity Confident 1310 CE 1750 CE
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347 Majeerteen Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1750 CE 1926 CE
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348 Funj Sultanate Sunni Islam Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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349 Funj Sultanate Nubian Religion Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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350 Kingdom of Kaffa Kaffa Religion Confident 1390 CE 1897 CE
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351 Kingdom of Gumma Sunni Islam Confident 1800 CE 1897 CE
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352 Emirate of Harar Sunni Islam Confident 1650 CE 1875 CE
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353 Early Sultanate of Aussa Sunni Islam Confident 1734 CE 1895 CE
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354 Proto-Yoruba Orisha Religion Confident 301 CE 649 CE
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355 Classical Ife Orisha Religion Confident 1000 CE 1400 CE
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356 Late Formative Yoruba Orisha Religion Confident 650 CE 1049 CE
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357 Late Formative Yoruba Ruler Cult Confident 650 CE 1049 CE
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358 Kwararafa Kwararafa Religion Confident 1500 CE 1789 CE
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359 Kwararafa Jukun Religion Confident 1790 CE 1820 CE
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360 Allada Vodun Confident 1100 CE 1724 CE
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361 Igodomingodo unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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362 Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́ Orisha Religion Confident 1601 CE 1835 CE
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363 Whydah Vodun Confident 1671 CE 1727 CE
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364 Oyo Orisha Religion Confident 1300 CE 1535 CE
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365 Proto-Yoruboid Orisha Religion Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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366 Aro Igbo Religion Confident 1690 CE 1902 CE
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367 Sokoto Caliphate Islam Confident 1804 CE 1904 CE
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368 Igala Igala religion Confident 1600 CE 1900 CE
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369 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì Igbo Religion Confident 1043 CE 1911 CE
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370 Hausa bakwai Islam Confident 900 CE 1808 CE
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371 Kanem-Borno Islam Confident 1380 CE 1893 CE
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372 Foys Vodun Confident 1600 CE 1892 CE
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373 Benin Empire Benin Religion Confident 1140 CE 1897 CE
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374 Wukari Federation Jukun Religion Confident 1820 CE 1899 CE
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375 Kingdom of Cayor Wolof Confident 1549 CE 1864 CE
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376 Kingdom of Saloum Sereer Religion Confident 1490 CE 1863 CE
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377 Kingdom of Baol Wolof Confident 1550 CE 1890 CE
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378 Kingdom of Sine Sereer Religion Confident 1350 CE 1887 CE
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379 Kingdom of Waalo Wolof Confident 1287 CE 1855 CE
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380 Jolof Empire Wolof Religion Confident 1360 CE 1549 CE
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381 Imamate of Futa Toro Islam Confident 1776 CE 1860 CE
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382 Denyanke Kingdom Fulani Religion Confident 1490 CE 1776 CE
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383 Buganda Buganda Religion Confident 1700 CE 1894 CE
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384 Toro Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1830 CE 1896 CE
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385 Buganda Buganda Religion Confident 1450 CE 1699 CE
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386 Karagwe Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1500 CE 1916 CE
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387 Kingdom of Nyinginya Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1650 CE 1897 CE
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388 Nkore Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1450 CE 1749 CE
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389 Ndorwa Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1700 CE 1800 CE
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390 Burundi Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1680 CE 1903 CE
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391 Mubari Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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392 Gisaka Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1700 CE 1867 CE
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393 Fipa unknown Suspected 1600 CE 1890 CE
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394 Bugesera Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1700 CE 1799 CE
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395 Nkore Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 1750 CE 1901 CE
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396 Buhaya Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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397 Early Cholas Saivist Hinduism Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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398 Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom Saivist Hinduism Confident 1675 CE 1799 CE
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399 Early Pandyas Saivist Hinduism Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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400 Carnatic Sultanate Sufi Islam Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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401 Late Pallava Empire Saivist Hinduism Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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402 Late Pallava Empire Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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403 Kalabhra Dynasty Theraväda Buddhism Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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404 Kalabhra Dynasty Jainism Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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405 Nayaks of Thanjavur Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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406 Nayaks of Madurai Saivist Hinduism Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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407 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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408 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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409 Classic Tana Islam Confident 1100 CE 1498 CE
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410 Imamate of Oman and Muscat Ibadi Islam Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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411 Late Dutch Empire Calvinist Christianity Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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412 Pre-Maravi Pre-Maravi Religion Confident 1151 CE 1399 CE
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413 Early Maravi Maravi Religion Confident 1400 CE 1499 CE
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414 Northern Maravi Kingdom Maravi Religion Confident 1500 CE 1621 CE
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415 Maravi Empire Maravi Religion Confident 1622 CE 1870 CE
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416 Magadha - Nanda Dynasty Jainism Confident 413 BCE 322 BCE
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417 British East India Company Anglican Christianity Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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418 Deva Dynasty Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 1150 CE 1300 CE
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419 Chandra Dynasty Buddhism Confident 900 CE 1050 CE
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420 Nawabs of Bengal Islam Confident 1717 CE 1757 CE
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421 Twelve Bhuyans Hinduism Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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422 Twelve Bhuyans Islam Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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423 Wattara Empire Islam Confident 1710 CE 1895 CE
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424 Ethiopia Kingdom III Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity Confident 1769 CE 1854 CE
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425 Ethiopia Kingdom II Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity Confident 1621 CE 1768 CE
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426 Habesha Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity Confident 801 CE 1136 CE
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427 Khadga Dynasty Buddhism Confident 650 CE 700 CE
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428 Sena Dynasty Saivist Hinduism Confident 1095 CE 1245 CE
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429 Vanga Dynasty Hinduism Confident 550 CE 600 CE
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430 Gangaridai unknown Suspected 300 BCE 100 BCE
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