Section: Government Restrictions
Variable: Government Discrimination Against Religious Groups Taking Up Certain Occupations Or Functions (All coded records)
Coded to indicate the presence or absence of government discrimination against religious groups in terms of access to specific occupations or functions, this variable reflects the degree to which authorities limit certain roles based on religious affiliation within the polity.  
Government Discrimination Against Religious Groups Taking Up Certain Occupations Or Functions
#  Polity  Coded Value Tags Year(s) Edit Desc
1 Northern Wei absent Inferred 453 CE 557 CE
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2 Great Ming absent Inferred 1368 CE 1644 CE
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3 Western Zhou absent Inferred 1122 BCE 771 BCE
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4 Jin absent Inferred 780 BCE 404 BCE
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5 Khadga Dynasty absent Inferred 650 CE 700 CE
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6 Second Turk Khaganate absent Inferred 682 CE 744 CE
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7 Northern Wei absent Inferred 386 CE 446 CE
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8 Majapahit Kingdom absent Inferred 1292 CE 1518 CE
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9 Kediri Kingdom absent Inferred 1049 CE 1222 CE
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10 Medang Kingdom absent Inferred 732 CE 1019 CE
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11 Ashikaga Shogunate absent Inferred 1336 CE 1467 CE
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12 Axum II absent Inferred 350 CE 599 CE
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13 Warring States Japan absent Inferred 1467 CE 1568 CE
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14 Ethiopia Kingdom II absent Inferred 1621 CE 1768 CE
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15 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama absent Inferred 1568 CE 1603 CE
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16 Zagwe absent Inferred 1137 CE 1269 CE
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17 Qin Empire absent Inferred 338 BCE 207 BCE
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18 Neolithic Crete absent Inferred 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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19 Tocharians absent Inferred 129 BCE 29 CE
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20 Andronovo absent Inferred 1800 BCE 1200 BCE
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21 Sogdiana - City-States Period absent Inferred 604 CE 711 CE
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22 Sarazm absent Inferred 3500 BCE 2000 BCE
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23 Western Turk Khaganate absent Inferred 582 CE 630 CE
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24 Kushan Empire absent Inferred 35 CE 319 CE
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25 Kamakura Shogunate absent Inferred 1185 CE 1333 CE
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26 Heian absent Inferred 794 CE 1185 CE
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27 Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial absent Inferred 1841 CE 1987 CE
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28 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period absent Inferred 404 BCE 342 BCE
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29 Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period absent Inferred 1720 BCE 1567 BCE
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30 Parthian Empire I absent Inferred 247 BCE 40 CE
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31 Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty absent Inferred 730 CE 1030 CE
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32 Deva Dynasty absent Inferred 1150 CE 1300 CE
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33 Achaemenid Empire absent Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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34 Mongol Empire absent Inferred 1206 CE 1368 CE
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35 Wukari Federation absent Inferred 1820 CE 1899 CE
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36 Latium - Bronze Age absent Inferred 1800 BCE 900 BCE
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37 Latium - Copper Age absent Inferred 3600 BCE 1800 BCE
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38 Badarian absent Inferred 4400 BCE 3800 BCE
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39 Middle Roman Republic absent Inferred 264 BCE 133 BCE
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40 Toro absent Inferred 1830 CE 1896 CE
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41 Ilkhanate absent Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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42 Bito Dynasty absent Inferred 1700 CE 1894 CE
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43 Igala absent Inferred 1500 CE 1859 CE
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44 Kidarite Kingdom absent Inferred 388 CE 477 CE
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45 Bahmani Sultanate absent Inferred 1347 CE 1518 CE
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46 Rashtrakuta Empire absent Inferred 753 CE 973 CE
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47 Kannauj - Varman Dynasty absent Inferred 650 CE 780 CE
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48 Late Shang absent Inferred 1250 BCE 1045 BCE
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49 Vijayanagara Empire absent Inferred 1336 CE 1646 CE
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50 Late Roman Republic absent Inferred 133 BCE 31 BCE
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51 Hoysala Kingdom absent Inferred 1108 CE 1346 CE
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52 Kampili Kingdom absent Inferred 1280 CE 1327 CE
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53 Kadamba Empire absent Inferred 345 CE 550 CE
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54 Vakataka Kingdom absent Inferred 255 CE 550 CE
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55 Chalukyas of Badami absent Inferred 543 CE 753 CE
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56 Asuka absent Confident 538 CE 710 CE
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57 Hawaii I absent Inferred 1000 CE 1200 CE
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58 Chalukyas of Kalyani absent Inferred 973 CE 1189 CE
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59 Satavahana Empire absent Inferred 100 BCE 203 CE
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60 Jenne-jeno III absent Inferred 400 CE 899 CE
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61 Mali Empire absent Inferred 1230 CE 1410 CE
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62 Jenne-jeno I absent Inferred 250 BCE 49 CE
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63 Jenne-jeno II absent Inferred 50 CE 399 CE
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64 Late Pallava Empire absent Confident 800 CE 890 CE
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65 Jenne-jeno IV absent Inferred 900 CE 1300 CE
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66 Late Pallava Empire absent Confident 300 CE 599 CE
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67 Susa II absent Inferred 3800 BCE 3100 BCE
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68 Oneota absent Inferred 1400 CE 1650 CE
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69 Seleucids absent Inferred 312 BCE 63 BCE
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70 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period absent Inferred 1361 CE 1292 CE
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71 Gahadavala Dynasty absent Inferred 1085 CE 1193 CE
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72 * Aztec Empire absent Inferred 1427 CE 1526 CE
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73 Mahajanapada era absent Inferred 600 BCE 324 BCE
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74 Magadha absent Inferred 450 CE 605 CE
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75 Magadha - Maurya Empire absent Inferred 324 BCE 187 BCE
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76 Chola Empire absent Inferred 849 CE 1280 CE
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77 Polonnaruwa absent Inferred 1070 CE 1255 CE
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78 Jaffna absent Inferred 1310 CE 1591 CE
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79 Toutswe absent Inferred 700 CE 1250 CE
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80 Dambadaneiya absent Inferred 1232 CE 1293 CE
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81 Uruk absent Inferred 4000 BCE 2900 BCE
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82 Mubari absent Inferred 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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83 Anurādhapura I absent Inferred 300 BCE 70 CE
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84 Pandya Empire absent Inferred 1250 CE 1323 CE
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85 Anurādhapura II absent Inferred 70 CE 428 CE
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86 Anurādhapura III absent Inferred 428 CE 614 CE
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87 Anurādhapura IV absent Inferred 614 CE 1017 CE
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88 Hawaii II absent Inferred 1200 CE 1580 CE
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89 Early Modern Sierra Leone absent Inferred 1650 CE 1896 CE
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90 Neo-Babylonian Empire absent Inferred 626 BCE 539 BCE
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91 Jolof Empire absent Inferred 1360 CE 1549 CE
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92 Karagwe absent Inferred 1500 CE 1916 CE
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93 Foys absent Inferred 1600 CE 1892 CE
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94 Kassite Babylonia absent Inferred 1595 BCE 1150 BCE
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95 Great Zimbabwe absent Inferred 1270 CE 1550 CE
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96 Indo-Greek Kingdom absent Inferred 180 BCE 10 BCE
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97 Nkore absent Inferred 1450 CE 1749 CE
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98 Hawaii III absent Inferred 1580 CE 1778 CE
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99 Mutapa absent Inferred 1450 CE 1880 CE
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100 Sultanate of Geledi absent Inferred 1750 CE 1911 CE
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101 Lysimachus Kingdom absent Inferred 323 BCE 281 BCE
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102 Bugesera absent Inferred 1700 CE 1799 CE
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103 Early Roman Republic absent Inferred 509 BCE 264 BCE
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104 Amorite Babylonia absent Inferred 2000 BCE 1600 BCE
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105 Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period absent Inferred 1778 CE 1819 CE
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106 Habr Yunis absent Inferred 1300 CE 1886 CE
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107 Kingdom of Nyinginya absent Inferred 1650 CE 1897 CE
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108 Kingdom of Waalo absent Inferred 1287 CE 1855 CE
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109 Burundi absent Inferred 1680 CE 1903 CE
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110 Nkore absent Inferred 1750 CE 1901 CE
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111 Aro absent Inferred 1690 CE 1902 CE
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112 Kingdom of Cayor absent Inferred 1549 CE 1864 CE
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113 Neo-Hittite Kingdoms absent Inferred 1180 BCE 900 BCE
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114 Kingdom of Baol absent Inferred 1550 CE 1890 CE
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115 Buhaya absent Inferred 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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116 Gisaka absent Inferred 1700 CE 1867 CE
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117 Isin-Larsa absent Inferred 2004 BCE 1763 BCE
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118 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period absent Inferred 1550 BCE 1380 CE
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119 Early Dynastic absent Inferred 2900 BCE 2500 BCE
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120 Kanem-Borno absent Confident 1380 CE 1893 CE
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121 Ndorwa absent Inferred 1700 CE 1800 CE
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122 Ur - Dynasty III absent Inferred 2112 BCE 2004 BCE
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123 Eastern Turk Khaganate absent Inferred 583 CE 630 CE
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124 Bazi Dynasty absent Inferred 1005 BCE 986 BCE
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125 Igala absent Inferred 1868 CE 1900 CE
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126 Torwa-Rozvi absent Inferred 1494 CE 1850 CE
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127 Papal States - Medieval Period I absent Inferred 1527 CE 1583 CE
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128 Majeerteen Sultanate absent Inferred 1750 CE 1926 CE
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129 Dynasty of E absent Inferred 979 BCE 732 BCE
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130 Funan II absent Inferred 540 CE 640 CE
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131 Chenla absent Inferred 550 CE 825 CE
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132 Second Dynasty of Isin absent Inferred 1153 BCE 1027 BCE
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133 French Kingdom - Late Valois absent Confident 1570 CE 1572 CE
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134 Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic absent Inferred 5500 BCE 3000 BCE
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135 Early Merovingian absent Inferred 481 CE 543 CE
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136 Early Angkor absent Confident 961 CE 1100 CE
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137 Late Angkor absent Inferred 1220 CE 1432 CE
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138 Bengal Sultanate absent Inferred 1338 CE 1538 CE
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139 Sur Empire absent Inferred 1540 CE 1556 CE
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140 Twelve Bhuyans absent Inferred 1538 CE 1612 CE
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141 British Empire II absent Inferred 1850 CE 1968 CE
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142 Shuar - Ecuadorian absent Inferred 1831 CE 1931 CE
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143 Chandra Dynasty absent Inferred 900 CE 1050 CE
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144 Yadava-Varman Dynasty absent Inferred 1080 CE 1150 CE
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145 Vanga Dynasty absent Inferred 550 CE 600 CE
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146 Umayyad Caliphate absent Inferred 661 CE 740 CE
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147 * Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico absent Inferred 1200 CE 1426 CE
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148 Early A'chik absent Inferred 1775 CE 1867 CE
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149 Tabal Kingdoms absent Inferred 900 BCE 730 BCE
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150 Konya Plain - Late Neolithic absent Inferred 6600 BCE 6000 BCE
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151 Nara Kingdom absent Inferred 710 CE 794 CE
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152 Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic absent Confident 7000 BCE 6600 BCE
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153 Macedonian Empire absent Inferred 330 BCE 312 BCE
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154 Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic absent Inferred 6000 BCE 5500 BCE
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155 Western Han Empire absent Inferred 202 BCE 9 CE
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156 Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial absent Inferred 1734 CE 1883 CE
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157 Shuar - Colonial absent Inferred 1534 CE 1830 CE
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158 Sakha - Early absent Inferred 1400 CE 1632 CE
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159 Chuuk - Early Truk absent Inferred 1775 CE 1886 CE
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160 Iban - Pre-Brooke absent Inferred 1650 CE 1841 CE
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161 Late A'chik absent Inferred 1867 CE 1956 CE
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162 Early Wei Dynasty absent Inferred 445 BCE 225 BCE
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163 French Kingdom - Late Valois absent Inferred 1450 CE 1534 CE
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164 Nawabs of Bengal absent Inferred 1717 CE 1757 CE
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165 Roman Kingdom absent Inferred 716 BCE 509 BCE
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166 Umayyad Caliphate present Confident 741 CE 749 CE
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167 Igala present Inferred 1857 CE 1867 CE
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168 Northern Wei present Confident 446 CE 452 CE
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169 Ethiopia Kingdom present Inferred 1270 CE 1500 CE
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170 Magadha - Sunga Empire present Inferred 187 BCE 65 BCE
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171 Kalabhra Dynasty present Inferred 200 CE 600 CE
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172 Papal States - Medieval Period I present Confident 1584 CE 1648 CE
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173 Fatimid Caliphate present Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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174 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I present Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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175 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III present Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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176 Yehuda present Inferred 141 BCE 63 BCE
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177 Almoravids present Inferred 1035 CE 1150 CE
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178 Neolithic Middle Ganga present Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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179 Late Dutch Empire present Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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180 Hausa bakwai present Inferred 900 CE 1808 CE
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181 Classical Ife present Confident 1000 CE 1400 CE
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182 Ottoman Empire I present Inferred 1402 CE 1517 CE
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183 Imamate of Futa Toro present Confident 1776 CE 1860 CE
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184 Ostrogothic Kingdom present Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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185 Ottoman Empire II present Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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186 Ottoman Empire III present Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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187 Seljuk Sultanate present Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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188 Great Yuan present Inferred 1271 CE 1368 CE
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189 Late Qing present Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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190 Republic of Venice III present Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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191 Republic of Venice IV present Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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192 Sena Dynasty present Inferred 1095 CE 1245 CE
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193 Papal States - Medieval Period II present Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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194 Rome - Republic of St Peter II present Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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195 Gauda Kingdom present Inferred 600 CE 625 CE
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196 Middle Merovingian present Confident 543 CE 687 CE
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197 French Kingdom - Late Valois present Confident 1535 CE 1569 CE
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198 French Kingdom - Late Valois present Confident 1573 CE 1589 CE
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199 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon present Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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200 Carolingian Empire II present Inferred 840 CE 987 CE
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201 Carolingian Empire I present Inferred 752 CE 840 CE
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202 Papal States - Renaissance Period present Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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203 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity present Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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204 Papal States - High Medieval Period present Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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205 Republic of St Peter I present Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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206 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period present Inferred 1379 CE 1362 CE
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207 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II present Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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208 Yemen Hijaz present Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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209 Kwararafa present Inferred 1790 CE 1820 CE
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210 Late Pallava Empire present Inferred 600 CE 799 CE
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211 Sokoto Caliphate present Confident 1804 CE 1904 CE
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212 Byzantine Empire I present Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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213 Byzantine Empire II present Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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214 Byzantine Empire III present Confident 1073 CE 1204 CE
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215 Rouran Khaganate unknown Suspected 300 CE 555 CE
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216 West Burkina Faso Yellow I unknown Suspected 100 CE 500 CE
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217 Magadha - Kanva Dynasty unknown Suspected 75 BCE 30 BCE
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218 Early Angkor unknown Suspected 802 CE 960 CE
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219 Funan I unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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220 Early Xiongnu unknown Suspected 1400 BCE 300 BCE
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221 Proto-Yoruboid unknown Suspected 300 BCE 300 CE
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222 Pre-Sape Sierra Leone unknown Suspected 600 CE 1400 CE
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223 Proto-Yoruba unknown Suspected 301 CE 649 CE
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224 Kwararafa unknown Suspected 1500 CE 1789 CE
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225 West Burkina Faso Red II and III unknown Suspected 1100 CE 1400 CE
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226 Fipa unknown Suspected 1600 CE 1890 CE
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227 Kanem Empire unknown Suspected 850 CE 1380 CE
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228 Initial Formative Basin of Mexico unknown Suspected 2000 BCE 1201 BCE
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229 Archaic Basin of Mexico unknown Suspected 6000 BCE 2001 BCE
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230 Chalcolithic Middle Ganga unknown Suspected 3000 BCE 601 BCE
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231 Cahokia - Late Woodland III unknown Suspected 600 CE 750 CE
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232 Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II unknown Suspected 900 CE 1049 CE
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233 Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I unknown Suspected 750 CE 900 CE
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234 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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235 Deccan - Neolithic unknown Suspected 2700 BCE 1200 BCE
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236 Egypt - Dynasty I unknown Suspected 3100 BCE 2900 BCE
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237 Kansai - Kofun Period unknown Suspected 250 CE 537 CE
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238 Yangshao unknown Suspected 5000 BCE 3000 BCE
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239 West Burkina Faso Red I unknown Suspected 701 CE 1100 CE
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240 Habesha unknown Suspected 801 CE 1136 CE
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241 Axum III unknown Suspected 600 CE 800 CE
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242 Axum I unknown Suspected 149 BCE 349 CE
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243 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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244 Khitan I unknown Suspected 907 CE 1125 CE
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245 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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246 Egypt - Dynasty II unknown Suspected 2900 BCE 2687 BCE
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247 Magadha - Nanda Dynasty unknown Suspected 413 BCE 322 BCE
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248 Cuzco - Early Intermediate I unknown Suspected 200 CE 499 CE
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249 Cuzco - Early Intermediate II unknown Suspected 500 CE 649 CE
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250 Sabaean Commonwealth unknown Suspected 800 BCE 451 BCE
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251 Late Xiongnu unknown Suspected 60 BCE 100 CE
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252 Himyar I unknown Suspected 270 CE 340 CE
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253 Yemen Ziyad Dynasty unknown Suspected 822 CE 1037 CE
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254 Gangaridai unknown Suspected 300 BCE 100 BCE
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255 Proto-Haudenosaunee Confederacy unknown Suspected 1300 CE 1565 CE
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256 Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan unknown Suspected 110 BCE 149 CE
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257 Deccan - Iron Age unknown Suspected 1200 BCE 300 BCE
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258 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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259 Qatabanian Commonwealth unknown Suspected 450 BCE 111 BCE
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260 Late Formative Yoruba unknown Suspected 650 CE 1049 CE
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261 Xiongnu Imperial Confederation unknown Suspected 209 BCE 60 BCE
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262 Uigur Khaganate unknown Suspected 745 CE 840 CE
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