Section: Information / Writing Systems
Variable: Nonwritten Record (All coded records)
Talking about Writing Systems, Nonwritten Records are more extensive than mnemonics, but don't utilize script. Example: quipu; seals and stamps  
Nonwritten Record
#  Polity  Coded Value Tags Year(s) Edit Desc
1 Early Qing present Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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2 Late Qing present Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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3 Archaic Basin of Mexico absent Confident 6000 BCE 2001 BCE
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4 Initial Formative Basin of Mexico absent Confident 2000 BCE 1201 BCE
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5 Early Formative Basin of Mexico present Confident 1200 BCE 801 BCE
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6 Middle Formative Basin of Mexico present Confident 800 BCE 401 BCE
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7 Late Formative Basin of Mexico present Confident 400 BCE 101 BCE
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8 Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico present Confident 100 BCE 99 CE
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9 Epiclassic Basin of Mexico present Confident 650 CE 899 CE
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10 Toltecs present Confident 900 CE 1199 CE
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11 Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico present Confident 1200 CE 1426 CE
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12 Aztec Empire present Confident 1427 CE 1526 CE
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13 Hawaii II present Inferred 1200 CE 1580 CE
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14 Hawaii III present Confident 1580 CE 1778 CE
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15 Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period unknown Suspected 1778 CE 1819 CE
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16 Early Illinois Confederation present Confident 1640 CE 1717 CE
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17 Early Angkor absent Inferred 802 CE 1100 CE
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18 Classical Angkor present Confident 1100 CE 1220 CE
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19 Late Angkor present Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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20 Khmer Kingdom unknown Suspected 1432 CE 1594 CE
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21 Rattanakosin present Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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22 Medang Kingdom present Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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23 Kediri Kingdom present Confident 1049 CE 1222 CE
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24 Majapahit Kingdom present Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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25 Mataram Sultanate present Confident 1568 CE 1703 CE
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26 Chuuk - Early Truk absent Confident 1775 CE 1886 CE
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27 Chuuk - Late Truk absent Confident 1886 CE 1948 CE
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28 Prepalatial Crete unknown Suspected 3000 BCE 1900 BCE
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29 Postpalatial Crete present Confident 1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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30 Final Postpalatial Crete unknown Suspected 1200 BCE 1000 BCE
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31 Geometric Crete present Confident 1000 BCE 710 BCE
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32 Archaic Crete present Confident 710 BCE 500 BCE
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33 Classical Crete present Confident 500 BCE 323 BCE
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34 Hellenistic Crete present Confident 323 BCE 69 BCE
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35 Roman Empire - Principate present Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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36 Roman Empire - Dominate present Confident 285 CE 394 CE
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37 East Roman Empire present Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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38 Byzantine Empire I present Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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39 Byzantine Empire II present Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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40 Byzantine Empire III present Confident 1073 CE 1204 CE
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41 Cuzco - Late Formative unknown Suspected 500 BCE 200 CE
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42 Cuzco - Early Intermediate I unknown Suspected 200 CE 499 CE
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43 Cuzco - Early Intermediate II unknown Suspected 500 CE 649 CE
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44 Wari Empire absent Confident Disputed 650 CE 999 CE
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45 Wari Empire present Confident Disputed 650 CE 999 CE
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46 Cuzco - Late Intermediate I absent Inferred 1000 CE 1250 CE
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47 Cuzco - Late Intermediate II unknown Suspected 1250 CE 1400 CE
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48 Inca Empire present Confident 1375 CE 1532 CE
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49 Spanish Empire I present Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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50 Deccan - Iron Age unknown Suspected 1200 BCE 300 BCE
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51 Magadha - Maurya Empire present Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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52 Satavahana Empire present Confident 100 BCE 203 CE
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53 Chalukyas of Badami present Confident 543 CE 753 CE
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54 Rashtrakuta Empire present Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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55 Chalukyas of Kalyani present Confident 973 CE 1189 CE
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56 Hoysala Kingdom unknown Suspected 1108 CE 1346 CE
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57 Kampili Kingdom unknown Suspected 1280 CE 1327 CE
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58 Vijayanagara Empire unknown Suspected 1336 CE 1646 CE
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59 Mughal Empire present Confident 1526 CE 1858 CE
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60 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early present Confident 1566 CE 1713 CE
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61 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late present Confident 1714 CE 1848 CE
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62 Canaan present Confident 2000 BCE 1175 BCE
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63 Phoenician Empire unknown Confident 1200 BCE 332 BCE
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64 Yisrael unknown Confident 1030 BCE 722 BCE
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65 Achaemenid Empire present Inferred 550 BCE 331 BCE
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66 Seleucids unknown Suspected 312 BCE 63 BCE
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67 Ptolemaic Kingdom I present Confident 305 BCE 217 BCE
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68 Yehuda unknown Confident 141 BCE 63 BCE
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69 Early A'chik present Confident 1775 CE 1867 CE
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70 Late A'chik present Confident 1867 CE 1956 CE
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71 Akan - Pre-Ashanti present Confident 1501 CE 1701 CE
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72 Ashanti Empire present Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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73 Icelandic Commonwealth present Confident 930 CE 1262 CE
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74 Kingdom of Norway II present Confident 1262 CE 1396 CE
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75 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic unknown Suspected 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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76 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic unknown Suspected 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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77 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic unknown Suspected 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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78 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period unknown Suspected 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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79 Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period present Inferred 1800 BCE 1300 BCE
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80 Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period present Confident 1300 BCE 500 BCE
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81 Parthian Empire I unknown Suspected 247 BCE 40 CE
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82 Indo-Greek Kingdom present Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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83 Kushan Empire present Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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84 Sasanid Empire I unknown Suspected 205 CE 487 CE
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85 Sasanid Empire II unknown Suspected 488 CE 642 CE
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86 Umayyad Caliphate present Inferred 661 CE 750 CE
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87 Abbasid Caliphate I present Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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88 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period present Confident 854 CE 1193 CE
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89 Ghur Principality present Confident 1025 CE 1215 CE
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90 Delhi Sultanate present Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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91 Sind - Samma Dynasty present Confident 1335 CE 1521 CE
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92 Durrani Empire unknown Suspected 1747 CE 1826 CE
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93 Kansai - Yayoi Period unknown Suspected 300 BCE 250 CE
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94 Kansai - Kofun Period unknown Suspected 250 CE 537 CE
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95 Asuka unknown Suspected 538 CE 710 CE
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96 Heian unknown Confident 794 CE 1185 CE
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97 Kamakura Shogunate unknown Confident 1185 CE 1333 CE
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98 Ashikaga Shogunate unknown Suspected 1336 CE 1467 CE
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99 Warring States Japan unknown Suspected 1467 CE 1568 CE
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100 Tokugawa Shogunate present Confident 1603 CE 1868 CE
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101 Iban - Pre-Brooke present Confident 1650 CE 1841 CE
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102 Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial present Confident 1841 CE 1987 CE
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103 Konya Plain - Late Neolithic unknown Suspected 6600 BCE 6000 BCE
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104 Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic absent Confident 6000 BCE 5500 BCE
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105 Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic unknown Suspected 5500 BCE 3000 BCE
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106 Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age present Confident 3000 BCE 2000 BCE
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107 Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia present Inferred 2000 BCE 1700 BCE
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108 Hatti - Old Kingdom present Confident 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
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109 Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II present Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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110 Hatti - New Kingdom present Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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111 Phrygian Kingdom present Inferred 900 BCE 695 BCE
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112 Lysimachus Kingdom present Confident 323 BCE 281 BCE
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113 Late Cappadocia present Inferred 322 BCE 93 BCE
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114 Rum Sultanate present Confident 1077 CE 1307 CE
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115 Ilkhanate unknown Suspected 1256 CE 1339 CE
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116 Ottoman Emirate present Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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117 Ottoman Empire I present Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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118 Ottoman Empire II present Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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119 Ottoman Empire III present Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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120 Latium - Copper Age present Inferred 3600 BCE 1800 BCE
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121 Latium - Bronze Age present Inferred 1800 BCE 900 BCE
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122 Latium - Iron Age present Confident 1000 BCE 580 BCE
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123 Roman Kingdom present Confident 716 BCE 509 BCE
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124 Early Roman Republic present Confident 509 BCE 264 BCE
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125 Middle Roman Republic present Confident 264 BCE 133 BCE
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126 Late Roman Republic present Confident 133 BCE 31 BCE
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127 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity present Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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128 Ostrogothic Kingdom present Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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129 Exarchate of Ravenna present Confident 568 CE 751 CE
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130 Republic of St Peter I present Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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131 Rome - Republic of St Peter II absent Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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132 Papal States - High Medieval Period present Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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133 Papal States - Renaissance Period absent Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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134 Papal States - Medieval Period I present Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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135 Papal States - Medieval Period II present Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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136 Sakha - Early present Confident 1400 CE 1632 CE
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137 Sakha - Late present Confident 1632 CE 1900 CE
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138 Shuar - Colonial absent Confident 1534 CE 1830 CE
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139 Shuar - Ecuadorian absent Confident 1831 CE 1931 CE
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140 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period present Confident 1550 BCE 1293 BCE
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141 Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period present Confident 1293 BCE 1070 BCE
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142 Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period present Confident 1069 BCE 747 BCE
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143 Egypt - Saite Period present Confident 664 BCE 525 BCE
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144 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period present Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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145 Ptolemaic Kingdom II present Confident 217 BCE 30 BCE
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146 Middle Wagadu Empire present Confident 700 CE 1077 CE
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147 Fatimid Caliphate present Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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148 Later Wagadu Empire present Confident 1078 CE 1203 CE
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149 Mali Empire present Inferred 1230 CE 1410 CE
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150 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I present Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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151 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II present Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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152 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III present Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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153 Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty unknown Suspected 1493 CE 1591 CE
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154 Late Shang present Inferred 1250 BCE 1045 BCE
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155 Western Zhou present Inferred 1122 BCE 771 BCE
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156 Jin present Inferred 780 BCE 404 BCE
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157 Western Han Empire present Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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158 Eastern Han Empire present Inferred 25 CE 220 CE
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159 Western Jin present Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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160 Northern Wei present Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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161 Sui Dynasty present Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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162 Tang Dynasty I present Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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163 Nara Kingdom unknown Confident 710 CE 794 CE
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164 Tang Dynasty II present Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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165 Jin Dynasty present Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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166 Great Yuan present Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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167 Great Ming present Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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168 Xiongnu Imperial Confederation absent Inferred 209 BCE 60 BCE
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169 Late Xiongnu present Inferred 60 BCE 100 CE
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170 Rouran Khaganate present Inferred 300 CE 555 CE
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171 Kidarite Kingdom present Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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172 Western Turk Khaganate present Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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173 Eastern Turk Khaganate present Inferred 583 CE 630 CE
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174 Uigur Khaganate unknown Suspected 745 CE 840 CE
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175 Samanid Empire unknown Suspected 819 CE 999 CE
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176 Khitan I unknown Suspected 907 CE 1125 CE
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177 Kara-Khanids unknown Suspected 950 CE 1212 CE
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178 Khwarezmid Empire present Confident 1157 CE 1231 CE
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179 Chagatai Khanate present Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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180 Oirats present Confident 1368 CE 1630 CE
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181 Tudor and Early Stuart England present Confident 1486 CE 1689 CE
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182 Early Merovingian unknown Suspected 481 CE 543 CE
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183 Lombard Kingdom present Confident 568 CE 774 CE
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184 Middle Merovingian unknown Suspected 543 CE 687 CE
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185 Carolingian Empire I present Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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186 Carolingian Empire II present Confident 840 CE 987 CE
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187 Neo-Babylonian Empire present Confident 626 BCE 539 BCE
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188 Greco-Bactrian Kingdom unknown Suspected 256 BCE 125 BCE
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189 Saffarid Caliphate present Confident 861 CE 1003 CE
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190 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period present Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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191 Buyid Confederation unknown Suspected 932 CE 1062 CE
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192 Seljuk Sultanate unknown Suspected 1037 CE 1157 CE
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193 Ayyubid Sultanate present Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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194 Timurid Empire unknown Suspected 1370 CE 1526 CE
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195 Safavid Empire present Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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196 Mahajanapada era present Confident 600 BCE 324 BCE
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197 Magadha - Sunga Empire present Confident 187 BCE 65 BCE
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198 Gupta Empire present Confident 320 CE 550 CE
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199 Yangshao present Inferred 5000 BCE 3000 BCE
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200 Longshan present Inferred 3000 BCE 1900 BCE
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201 Erlitou present Inferred 1850 BCE 1600 BCE
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202 Early Wei Dynasty present Inferred 445 BCE 225 BCE
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203 Northern Song present Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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204 Jenne-jeno I present Confident 250 BCE 49 CE
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205 Jenne-jeno II present Confident 50 CE 399 CE
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206 Jenne-jeno III present Confident 400 CE 899 CE
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207 Jenne-jeno IV present Confident 900 CE 1300 CE
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208 Saadi Sultanate present Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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209 Bamana kingdom unknown Suspected 1712 CE 1861 CE
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210 Neguanje unknown Suspected 250 CE 1050 CE
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211 Tairona present Inferred 1050 CE 1524 CE
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212 Early Xiongnu present Inferred 1400 BCE 300 BCE
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213 Xianbei Confederation present Inferred 100 CE 250 CE
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214 Second Turk Khaganate unknown Suspected 682 CE 744 CE
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215 Early Mongols absent Confident 1000 CE 1206 CE
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216 Late Mongols present Inferred 1368 CE 1690 CE
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217 Zungharian Empire present Inferred 1670 CE 1757 CE
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218 Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial present Confident 1734 CE 1883 CE
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219 Orokaiva - Colonial present Confident 1884 CE 1942 CE
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220 Beaker Culture unknown Suspected 3200 BCE 2000 BCE
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221 Atlantic Complex unknown Suspected 2200 BCE 1000 BCE
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222 Hallstatt A-B1 unknown Suspected 1000 BCE 900 BCE
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223 Hallstatt B2-3 unknown Suspected 900 BCE 700 BCE
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224 Hallstatt C unknown Suspected 700 BCE 600 BCE
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225 Hallstatt D unknown Suspected 600 BCE 475 BCE
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226 La Tene A-B1 unknown Suspected 475 BCE 325 BCE
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227 La Tene B2-C1 unknown Suspected 325 BCE 175 BCE
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228 La Tene C2-D unknown Suspected 175 BCE 27 BCE
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229 Proto-Carolingian unknown Suspected 687 CE 751 CE
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230 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon present Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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231 Ancient Khwarazm unknown Suspected 1000 BCE 521 BCE
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232 Tocharians present Confident 129 BCE 29 CE
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233 Sogdiana - City-States Period present Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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234 Khanate of Bukhara unknown Suspected 1599 CE 1747 CE
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235 Hmong - Early Chinese present Confident 1895 CE 1941 CE
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236 Ubaid present Confident 5500 BCE 4201 BCE
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237 Uruk present Confident 4000 BCE 2900 BCE
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238 Early Dynastic present Confident 2900 BCE 2500 BCE
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239 Akkadian Empire present Confident 2270 BCE 2083 BCE
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240 Ur - Dynasty III present Confident 2112 BCE 2004 BCE
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241 Parthian Empire II unknown Suspected 41 CE 226 CE
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242 Abbasid Caliphate II present Confident 1191 CE 1258 CE
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243 Pre-Ceramic Period unknown Suspected 7800 BCE 7200 BCE
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244 Susiana - Early Ubaid present Confident 5100 BCE 4700 BCE
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245 Susa I present Confident 4300 BCE 3800 BCE
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246 Susa II present Confident 3800 BCE 3100 BCE
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247 Susa III present Confident 3100 BCE 2675 BCE
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248 Elam - Awan Dynasty I present Confident 2675 BCE 2100 BCE
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249 Elam - Shimashki Period present Confident 2028 BCE 1940 BCE
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250 Elam - Early Sukkalmah present Confident 1900 BCE 1701 BCE
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251 Elam - Late Sukkalmah present Confident 1700 BCE 1500 BCE
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252 Elam - Kidinuid Period present Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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253 Elam - Igihalkid Period present Confident 1399 BCE 1200 BCE
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254 Elam - Shutrukid Period present Confident 1199 BCE 1100 BCE
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255 Elam - Crisis Period present Confident 1100 BCE 900 BCE
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256 Elam I present Confident 900 BCE 744 BCE
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257 Elam II present Confident 743 BCE 647 BCE
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258 Elam III present Confident 612 BCE 539 BCE
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259 Elymais II present Inferred 25 CE 215 CE
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260 Ak Koyunlu unknown Suspected 1339 CE 1501 CE
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261 Badarian present Confident 4400 BCE 3800 BCE
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262 Naqada I present Confident 3800 BCE 3550 BCE
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263 Naqada II present Confident 3550 BCE 3300 BCE
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264 Egypt - Dynasty 0 present Confident 3300 BCE 3100 BCE
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265 Egypt - Dynasty I present Confident 3100 BCE 2900 BCE
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266 Egypt - Dynasty II present Confident 2900 BCE 2687 BCE
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267 Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom present Confident 2650 BCE 2350 BCE
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268 Egypt - Late Old Kingdom present Confident 2350 BCE 2150 BCE
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269 Egypt - Period of the Regions present Confident 2150 BCE 2016 BCE
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270 Egypt - Middle Kingdom present Confident 2016 BCE 1700 BCE
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271 Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period present Confident 1720 BCE 1567 BCE
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272 Egypt - Kushite Period present Confident 747 BCE 656 BCE
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273 Oaxaca - Tierras Largas unknown Suspected 1400 BCE 1150 BCE
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274 Oaxaca - Rosario unknown Suspected 700 BCE 500 BCE
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275 Early Monte Alban I unknown Suspected 500 BCE 300 BCE
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276 Monte Alban Late I unknown Suspected 300 BCE 100 BCE
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277 Monte Alban II unknown Suspected 100 BCE 200 CE
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278 Monte Alban III unknown Suspected 200 CE 500 CE
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279 Monte Alban IIIB and IV unknown Suspected 500 CE 900 CE
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280 Hohokam Culture absent Confident 300 CE 1500 CE
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281 Antebellum US present Confident 1776 CE 1865 CE
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282 Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I present Confident 1454 CE 1648 CE
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283 Napoleonic France present Confident 1816 CE 1870 CE
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284 Kingdom of Bohemia - Luxembourgian and Jagiellonian Dynasty present Confident 1310 CE 1526 CE
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285 Early United Mexican States present Confident 1810 CE 1920 CE
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286 Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II present Confident 1776 CE 1917 CE
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287 Austro-Hungarian Monarchy present Confident 1867 CE 1918 CE
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288 Golden Horde present Confident 1240 CE 1440 CE
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289 Anglo-Saxon England I present Confident 410 CE 926 CE
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290 Us Reconstruction-Progressive present Confident 1866 CE 1933 CE
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291 Chaco Canyon - Late Bonito phase present Confident 1101 CE 1140 CE
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292 Plantagenet England present Confident 1154 CE 1485 CE
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293 British Empire I present Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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294 Late Classic Tikal present Confident 555 CE 869 CE
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295 Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I present Confident 1614 CE 1775 CE
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296 Soviet Union present Confident 1923 CE 1991 CE
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297 Anglo-Saxon England II present Confident 927 CE 1065 CE
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298 Allada present Inferred 1100 CE 1724 CE
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299 Whydah present Inferred 1671 CE 1727 CE
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300 Foys present Confident 1600 CE 1892 CE
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301 British Empire IIIIIIIIII present Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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302 Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty present Confident 919 CE 1125 CE
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