Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Forms of money

Foreign Coin

NO Descriptions IN Codebook  
Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
foreign_coin The absence or presence of foreign coin for a polity.

# Polity   Year(s)   Foreign Coin   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1
Phoenician Empire
1200 BCE 599 BCE
absent
Confident No Edit
2
Kingdom of Lydia
600 BCE
absent
Inferred No Edit
3
Phoenician Empire
598 BCE 332 BCE
present
Confident No Edit
4
Mossi
1100 CE 1750 CE
unknown
Suspected No Edit
5
Kingdom of Sine
1350 CE 1549 CE
unknown
Suspected No Edit
6
Kingdom of Saloum
1490 CE 1549 CE
unknown
Suspected No Edit
7
Kingdom of Saloum
1550 CE 1863 CE
present
Inferred No Edit
8
Kingdom of Sine
1550 CE 1887 CE
present
Inferred No Edit
9
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
1714 CE 1790 CE
absent
Confident No Edit
10
Mossi
1751 CE 1897 CE
absent
Confident No Edit
11
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
1791 CE 1844 CE
present
Confident No Edit
12
Egypt - Dynasty 0
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
13
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
14
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
15
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
16
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
-
present
Confident No Edit
17
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
-
present
Confident No Edit
18
Egypt - Period of the Regions
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
19
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
20
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
21
Beaker Culture
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
22
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
23
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
24
Hallstatt A-B1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
25
Hallstatt B2-3
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
26
Hallstatt C
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
27
French Kingdom - Late Valois
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
28
Final Postpalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
29
Monopalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
30
Neolithic Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
31
The Old Palace Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
32
Postpalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
33
Prepalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
34
Abbasid Caliphate I
-
present
Confident No Edit
35
Akkadian Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
36
Early Dynastic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
37
Ubaid
-
absent
Confident No Edit
38
Ur - Dynasty III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
39
Uruk
-
absent
Confident No Edit
40
Achaemenid Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
41
Ilkhanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
42
Elam I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
43
Sasanid Empire I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
44
Elam - Shimashki Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
45
Anglo-Saxon England I
-
present
Confident No Edit
46
Napoleonic France
-
absent
Confident No Edit
47
Us Reconstruction-Progressive
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
48
Antebellum US
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
49
Saffarid Caliphate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
50
Kushan Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
51
Eastern Han Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
52
Erligang
-
absent
Confident No Edit
53
Erlitou
-
absent
Confident No Edit
54
Hmong - Early Chinese
-
present
Confident No Edit
55
Hmong - Late Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
56
Longshan
-
absent
Confident No Edit
57
Early Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
58
Yangshao
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
59
Shuar - Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
60
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
61
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
62
Egypt - Saite Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
63
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
64
Atlantic Complex
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
65
Carolingian Empire I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
66
Carolingian Empire II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
67
Early Merovingian
-
present
Confident No Edit
68
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
69
Ashanti Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
70
Classical Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
71
Hawaii III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
72
Iban - Pre-Brooke
-
absent
Confident No Edit
73
British Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
74
Deccan - Neolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
75
Abbasid Caliphate II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
76
Isin-Larsa
-
absent
Confident No Edit
77
Neo-Assyrian Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
78
Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar
-
absent
Confident No Edit
79
Elam - Awan Dynasty I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
80
Formative Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
81
Susiana A
-
absent
Confident No Edit
82
Susiana B
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
83
Susiana - Late Ubaid
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
84
Susiana - Early Ubaid
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
85
Pre-Ceramic Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
86
Susa I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
87
Susa II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
88
Susa III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
89
Ostrogothic Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
90
Papal States - Medieval Period II
-
present
Confident No Edit
91
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
-
present
Inferred No Edit
92
Majapahit Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
93
Delhi Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
94
Magadha - Maurya Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
95
Satavahana Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
96
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
97
Latium - Bronze Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
98
Papal States - High Medieval Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
99
Papal States - Renaissance Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
100
Late Roman Republic
-
present
Confident No Edit
101
Republic of St Peter I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
102
Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama
-
present
Confident No Edit
103
Tokugawa Shogunate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
104
Andronovo
-
absent
Confident No Edit
105
Saadi Sultanate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
106
Jenne-jeno I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
107
Jenne-jeno II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
108
Jenne-jeno III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
109
Early Mongols
-
absent
Confident No Edit
110
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
111
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
112
Sakha - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
113
Egypt - Kushite Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
114
Sarazm
-
absent
Confident No Edit
115
Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
116
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
117
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
118
Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
119
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
120
East Roman Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
121
Hatti - New Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
122
Hatti - Old Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
123
Eastern Turk Khaganate
-
present
Confident No Edit
124
Khitan I
-
present
Confident No Edit
125
Mongol Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
126
Late Mongols
-
present
Inferred No Edit
127
Shiwei
-
absent
Confident No Edit
128
Second Turk Khaganate
-
present
Confident No Edit
129
Xianbei Confederation
-
absent
Confident No Edit
130
Late Xiongnu
-
absent
Confident No Edit
131
Zungharian Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
132
Monte Alban III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
133
Oaxaca - Rosario
-
absent
Confident No Edit
134
Kingdom of Norway II
-
present
Confident No Edit
135
Rashtrakuta Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
136
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
137
Wari Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
138
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
139
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
140
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
141
Sind - Samma Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
142
Sakha - Late
-
present
Confident No Edit
143
Umayyad Caliphate
-
present
Confident No Edit
144
Rattanakosin
-
present
Confident No Edit
145
Fatimid Caliphate
-
present
Confident No Edit
146
Byzantine Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
147
Timurid Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
148
Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
149
Konya Plain - Early Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
150
Konya Plain - Late Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
151
Rasulid Dynasty
-
present
Inferred No Edit
152
Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling
-
absent
Confident No Edit
153
Cahokia - Moorehead
-
absent
Confident No Edit
154
Cahokia - Early Woodland
-
absent
Confident No Edit
155
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
156
Cahokia - Late Woodland II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
157
Cahokia - Middle Woodland
-
absent
Confident No Edit
158
Cahokia - Late Woodland III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
159
Cahokia - Late Woodland I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
160
Cahokia - Sand Prairie
-
absent
Confident No Edit
161
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
162
Oneota
-
absent
Confident No Edit
163
Khanate of Bukhara
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
164
Koktepe I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
165
Koktepe II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
166
Himyar I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
167
Himyar II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
168
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
169
Durrani Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
170
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
171
Hephthalites
-
present
Confident No Edit
172
Kidarite Kingdom
-
present
Inferred No Edit
173
Spanish Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
174
Vijayanagara Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
175
Tocharians
-
present
Confident No Edit
176
Jin
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
177
Great Ming
-
present
Confident No Edit
178
Northern Wei
-
present
Confident No Edit
179
Ottoman Emirate
-
present
Confident No Edit
180
Ottoman Empire II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
181
Tabal Kingdoms
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
182
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
183
Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
184
Late Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
185
Late Shang
-
absent
Confident No Edit
186
Western Zhou
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
187
Shuar - Ecuadorian
-
present
Confident No Edit
188
Ayyubid Sultanate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
189
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
190
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
-
present
Inferred No Edit
191
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
192
Axum I
-
present
Confident No Edit
193
Chuuk - Early Truk
-
absent
Confident No Edit
194
Hawaii II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
195
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
-
present
Confident No Edit
196
Chuuk - Late Truk
-
present
Confident No Edit
197
Proto-French Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
198
Hallstatt D
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
199
Middle Merovingian
-
present
Confident No Edit
200
La Tene A-B1
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
201
La Tene B2-C1
-
present
Inferred No Edit
202
La Tene C2-D
-
present
Confident No Edit
203
Mahajanapada era
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
204
Mughal Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
205
British Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
206
Archaic Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
207
The Emirate of Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
208
Geometric Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
209
Hellenistic Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
210
Hawaii I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
211
Canaan
-
absent
Confident No Edit
212
Yehuda
-
present
Confident No Edit
213
Yisrael
-
absent
Confident No Edit
214
Early A'chik
-
absent
Confident No Edit
215
Late A'chik
-
present
Confident No Edit
216
Early Xiongnu
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
217
Kassite Babylonia
-
absent
Confident No Edit
218
Bazi Dynasty
-
absent
Confident No Edit
219
Seleucids
-
present
Confident No Edit
220
Dynasty of E
-
absent
Confident No Edit
221
Second Dynasty of Isin
-
absent
Confident No Edit
222
Neo-Babylonian Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
223
Ak Koyunlu
-
present
Inferred No Edit
224
Buyid Confederation
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
225
Elam - Crisis Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
226
Xiongnu Imperial Confederation
-
absent
Confident No Edit
227
Elymais II
-
present
Confident No Edit
228
Elam - Kidinuid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
229
Elam - Igihalkid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
230
Elam - Shutrukid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
231
Elam II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
232
Elam III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
233
Safavid Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
234
Sasanid Empire II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
235
Ancient Khwarazm
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
236
Seljuk Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
237
Elam - Late Sukkalmah
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
238
Icelandic Commonwealth
-
present
Confident No Edit
239
Latium - Copper Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
240
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
-
present
Confident No Edit
241
Papal States - Medieval Period I
-
present
Confident No Edit
242
Exarchate of Ravenna
-
present
Inferred No Edit
243
Early Roman Republic
-
present
Confident No Edit
244
Middle Roman Republic
-
present
Confident No Edit
245
Roman Empire - Principate
-
present
Inferred No Edit
246
Roman Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
247
Later Wagadu Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
248
Ashikaga Shogunate
-
present
Confident No Edit
249
Asuka
-
present
Inferred No Edit
250
Heian
-
present
Confident No Edit
251
Kamakura Shogunate
-
present
Confident No Edit
252
Kansai - Kofun Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
253
Nara Kingdom
-
present
Inferred No Edit
254
Kansai - Yayoi Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
255
Kara-Khanids
-
present
Inferred No Edit
256
Western Turk Khaganate
-
present
Inferred No Edit
257
Classical Angkor
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
258
Early Angkor
-
present
Confident No Edit
259
Late Angkor
-
present
Inferred No Edit
260
Khmer Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
261
Funan I
-
present
Confident No Edit
262
Early Formative Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
263
Funan II
-
present
Confident No Edit
264
Jenne-jeno IV
-
present
Inferred No Edit
265
Mali Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
266
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
-
present
Inferred No Edit
267
Rouran Khaganate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
268
Uigur Khaganate
-
present
Inferred No Edit
269
Middle Wagadu Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
270
Early Monte Alban I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
271
Monte Alban Late I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
272
Monte Alban II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
273
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
-
absent
Confident No Edit
274
Monte Alban V
-
absent
Confident No Edit
275
Late Formative Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
276
Middle Formative Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
277
Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
278
Oaxaca - San Jose
-
absent
Confident No Edit
279
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
-
absent
Confident No Edit
280
Buhaya
-
absent
Confident No Edit
281
Cuzco - Early Intermediate I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
282
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
283
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
284
Cuzco - Late Formative
-
absent
Confident No Edit
285
Inca Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
286
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
287
Orokaiva - Colonial
-
present
Confident No Edit
288
Indo-Greek Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
289
Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
290
Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
291
Kachi Plain - Urban Period I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
292
Kachi Plain - Urban Period II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
293
Ayutthaya
-
present
Confident No Edit
294
Fatimid Caliphate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
295
Byzantine Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
296
Byzantine Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
297
Lysimachus Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
298
Ottoman Empire I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
299
Ottoman Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
300
Roman Empire - Dominate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
301
Rum Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
302
Samanid Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
303
Sogdiana - City-States Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
304
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
305
Yemen - Era of Warlords
-
present
Inferred No Edit
306
Bugesera
-
absent
Confident No Edit
307
Lombard Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
308
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
present
Confident No Edit
309
Freetown
-
present
Confident No Edit
310
Great Zimbabwe
-
present
Confident No Edit
311
Anurādhapura III
-
present
Confident No Edit
312
Dutch Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
313
Kingdom of Jimma
-
present
Confident No Edit
314
Kingdom of Gomma
-
present
Confident No Edit
315
Ifat Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
316
Majeerteen Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
317
Funj Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
318
Kingdom of Gumma
-
present
Confident No Edit
319
Emirate of Harar
-
present
Confident No Edit
320
Early Sultanate of Aussa
-
present
Confident No Edit
321
Sokoto Caliphate
-
present
Confident No Edit
322
Nkore
-
absent
Confident No Edit
323
Kanem-Borno
-
present
Confident No Edit
324
Buganda
-
absent
Confident No Edit
325
Toro
-
absent
Confident No Edit
326
Buganda
-
absent
Confident No Edit
327
Kingdom of Nyinginya
-
absent
Confident No Edit
328
Ndorwa
-
absent
Confident No Edit
329
Burundi
-
absent
Confident No Edit
330
Mubari
-
absent
Confident No Edit
331
Gisaka
-
absent
Confident No Edit
332
Early Cholas
-
present
Confident No Edit
333
Early Pandyas
-
present
Confident No Edit
334
Nayaks of Madurai
-
present
Confident No Edit
335
Sape
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
336
Mutapa
-
present
Inferred No Edit
337
Kingdom of Kaffa
-
present
Inferred No Edit
338
Aro
-
present
Inferred No Edit
339
Kingdom of Baol
-
present
Inferred No Edit
340
Kaabu
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
341
Pre-Sape Sierra Leone
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
342
West Burkina Faso Red II and III
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
343
West Burkina Faso Red IV
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
344
Armenian Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
345
Classical Ife
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
346
Benin Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
347
Karagwe
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
348
Khwarezmid Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
349
Hohokam Culture
-
absent
Confident No Edit
350
Plantagenet England
-
present
Confident No Edit
351
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I
-
present
Confident No Edit
352
Kingdom of the Huns
-
present
Inferred No Edit
353
Tudor and Early Stuart England
-
present
Inferred No Edit
354
Golden Horde
-
P~A
Confident No Edit
355
British Empire IIIIIIIIII
-
present
Confident No Edit
356
Early Wei Dynasty
-
absent
Confident No Edit
357
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I
-
present
Confident No Edit
358
Deccan - Iron Age
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
359
Western Han Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
360
Neguanje
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
361
Tairona
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
362
Badarian
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
363
Egypt - Dynasty I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
364
Egypt - Dynasty II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
365
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
366
Naqada I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
367
Naqada II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit