Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Bureaucracy characteristics

Examination System

Talking about bureaucracy characteristics, the paradigmatic example of an examination system is the chinese imperial system.  
Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
examination_system The absence or presence of examination system for a polity.

# Polity   Year(s)   Examination System   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
1867 CE 1918 CE
present
Confident No Edit
2
Soviet Union
1923 CE 1991 CE
present
Confident No Edit
3
Hallstatt B2-3
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
4
Hallstatt C
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
5
Hallstatt D
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
6
Proto-Carolingian
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
7
La Tene A-B1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
8
La Tene B2-C1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
9
Susiana A
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
10
Kansai - Kofun Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
11
La Tene C2-D
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
12
Neolithic Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
13
Prepalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
14
Hawaii II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
15
Erlitou
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
16
Hmong - Early Chinese
-
absent
Confident No Edit
17
Northern Wei
-
absent
Confident No Edit
18
Early Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
19
Early Wei Dynasty
-
absent
Confident No Edit
20
Middle Roman Republic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
21
Qajar
-
absent
Confident No Edit
22
Hawaii III
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
23
Western Zhou
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
24
Tairona
-
absent
Confident No Edit
25
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
26
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
27
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
28
Egypt - Saite Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
29
Atlantic Complex
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
30
French Kingdom - Early Bourbon
-
present
Inferred No Edit
31
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
-
present
Inferred No Edit
32
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
-
present
Inferred No Edit
33
Carolingian Empire II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
34
French Kingdom - Late Valois
-
present
Inferred No Edit
35
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
-
absent
Confident No Edit
36
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
37
Iban - Pre-Brooke
-
absent
Confident No Edit
38
Majapahit Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
39
Medang Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
40
Canaan
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
41
Yisrael
-
unknown
Confident No Edit
42
Chalukyas of Badami
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
43
Chalukyas of Kalyani
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
44
Deccan - Iron Age
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
45
Deccan - Neolithic
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
46
Hoysala Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
47
Kadamba Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
48
Early A'chik
-
absent
Confident No Edit
49
Late A'chik
-
absent
Confident No Edit
50
Rashtrakuta Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
51
Satavahana Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
52
Vijayanagara Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
53
Bazi Dynasty
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
54
Abbasid Caliphate II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
55
Dynasty of E
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
56
Early Dynastic
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
57
Achaemenid Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
58
Elam - Crisis Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
59
Neo-Assyrian Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
60
Ubaid
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
61
Uruk
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
62
Susiana - Late Ubaid
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
63
Parthian Empire II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
64
Sasanid Empire I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
65
Latium - Bronze Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
66
Latium - Copper Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
67
Ayutthaya
-
absent
Confident No Edit
68
Early Merovingian
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
69
Latium - Iron Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
70
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
71
Early Roman Republic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
72
Akkadian Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
73
Yangshao
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
74
Neguanje
-
absent
Confident No Edit
75
Shuar - Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
76
Shuar - Ecuadorian
-
absent
Confident No Edit
77
Badarian
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
78
Egypt - Dynasty I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
79
Egypt - Dynasty II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
80
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
81
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
82
Naqada I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
83
Naqada II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
84
Egypt - Dynasty 0
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
85
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
86
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
87
Egypt - Period of the Regions
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
88
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
89
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
90
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
91
Beaker Culture
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
92
Proto-French Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
93
Hallstatt A-B1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
94
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
95
Roman Empire - Principate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
96
Sasanid Empire II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
97
Asuka
-
present
Confident No Edit
98
Elam - Shimashki Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
99
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
100
Japan - Incipient Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
101
Ostrogothic Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
102
Papal States - High Medieval Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
103
Papal States - Medieval Period I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
104
Papal States - Medieval Period II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
105
Papal States - Renaissance Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
106
Exarchate of Ravenna
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
107
Japan - Early Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
108
Japan - Late Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
109
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
-
absent
Confident No Edit
110
Republic of St Peter I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
111
Late Angkor
-
absent
Confident No Edit
112
Funan I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
113
Warring States Japan
-
absent
Confident No Edit
114
Mongol Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
115
Late Mongols
-
absent
Confident No Edit
116
Western Turk Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
117
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
118
Archaic Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
119
Epiclassic Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
120
Late Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
121
Initial Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
122
Andronovo
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
123
Phoenician Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
124
Jenne-jeno I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
125
Jenne-jeno II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
126
Jenne-jeno III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
127
Jenne-jeno IV
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
128
Mali Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
129
Toltecs
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
130
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
131
Eastern Turk Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
132
Inca Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
133
Early Mongols
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
134
Rouran Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
135
Second Turk Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
136
Uigur Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
137
Xianbei Confederation
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
138
Orokaiva - Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
139
Late Xiongnu
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
140
Xiongnu Imperial Confederation
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
141
Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
142
Later Wagadu Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
143
Middle Wagadu Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
144
Egypt - Kushite Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
145
Umayyad Caliphate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
146
Cuzco - Early Intermediate I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
147
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
148
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
149
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
150
Cuzco - Late Formative
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
151
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
152
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
153
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
154
Sakha - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
155
Sarazm
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
156
Fatimid Caliphate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
157
Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
158
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
159
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
160
Susiana - Early Ubaid
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
161
Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
162
Konya Plain - Early Neolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
163
Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
164
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
165
East Roman Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
166
Hatti - New Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
167
Hatti - Old Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
168
Lysimachus Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
169
Konya Plain - Late Neolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
170
Neo-Hittite Kingdoms
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
171
Roman Empire - Dominate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
172
Phrygian Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
173
Tabal Kingdoms
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
174
Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling
-
absent
Confident No Edit
175
Cahokia - Moorehead
-
absent
Confident No Edit
176
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
177
Cahokia - Early Woodland
-
absent
Confident No Edit
178
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
179
Cahokia - Late Woodland II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
180
Cahokia - Middle Woodland
-
absent
Confident No Edit
181
Cahokia - Late Woodland III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
182
Cahokia - Late Woodland I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
183
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
184
Chagatai Khanate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
185
Early Illinois Confederation
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
186
Ancient Khwarazm
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
187
Koktepe I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
188
Koktepe II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
189
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
-
absent
Confident No Edit
190
Timurid Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
191
Himyar I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
192
Himyar II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
193
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
194
Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
195
Oneota
-
absent
Confident No Edit
196
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
197
Durrani Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
198
Hephthalites
-
absent
Confident No Edit
199
Kushan Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
200
Eastern Han Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
201
Heian
-
present
Confident No Edit
202
Kansai - Yayoi Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
203
Early Angkor
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
204
Jin
-
absent
Confident No Edit
205
Longshan
-
absent
Confident No Edit
206
Jin Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
207
Great Ming
-
present
Confident No Edit
208
Northern Song
-
present
Confident No Edit
209
Late Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
210
Late Shang
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
211
Chenla
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
212
Tang Dynasty I
-
present
Confident No Edit
213
Tang Dynasty II
-
present
Confident No Edit
214
Elam II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
215
Parthian Empire I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
216
Kingdom of Norway II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
217
Great Yuan
-
present
Confident No Edit
218
Ayyubid Sultanate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
219
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
220
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
221
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
222
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
223
Spanish Empire I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
224
Funan II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
225
Segou Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
226
Carolingian Empire I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
227
Magadha - Maurya Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
228
Mughal Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
229
Abbasid Caliphate I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
230
Kassite Babylonia
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
231
Second Dynasty of Isin
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
232
Isin-Larsa
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
233
Ak Koyunlu
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
234
Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
235
Formative Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
236
Ilkhanate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
237
Susiana B
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
238
Sakha - Late
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
239
Pre-Ceramic Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
240
Safavid Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
241
Seljuk Sultanate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
242
Susa I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
243
Late Roman Republic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
244
Roman Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
245
Republic of Venice III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
246
Republic of Venice IV
-
absent
Confident No Edit
247
Ashikaga Shogunate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
248
Japan - Initial Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
249
Japan - Middle Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
250
Japan - Final Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
251
Kamakura Shogunate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
252
Nara Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
253
Tokugawa Shogunate
-
present
Confident No Edit
254
Kara-Khanids
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
255
Classical Angkor
-
absent
Confident No Edit
256
Khmer Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
257
Khitan I
-
present
Confident No Edit
258
Early Xiongnu
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
259
Zungharian Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
260
Early Monte Alban I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
261
Monte Alban Late I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
262
Monte Alban II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
263
Monte Alban III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
264
Aztec Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
265
Aztec Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
266
Early Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
267
Middle Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
268
Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
269
Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
270
Oaxaca - Rosario
-
absent
Confident No Edit
271
Oaxaca - San Jose
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
272
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
273
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
274
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
275
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
276
Sind - Samma Dynasty
-
absent
Confident No Edit
277
Rattanakosin
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
278
Byzantine Empire I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
279
Byzantine Empire II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
280
Byzantine Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
281
Ottoman Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
282
Ottoman Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
283
Western Han Empire
-
absent
Confident Yes Edit
284
Ottoman Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
285
Rum Sultanate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
286
Samanid Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
287
Middle Merovingian
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
288
Great Zimbabwe
-
absent
Confident No Edit
289
Kingdom of Nyinginya
-
absent
Confident No Edit
290
Nkore
-
absent
Confident No Edit
291
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
292
Middle and Late Nok
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
293
Middle and Late Nok
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
294
Nkore
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
295
Burundi
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
296
Ndorwa
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
297
Sogdiana - City-States Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
298
Buganda
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
299
Toro
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
300
Karagwe
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
301
Khanate of Bukhara
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
302
Mubari
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
303
Gisaka
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
304
Fipa
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
305
Bugesera
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
306
Buhaya
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
307
Kaabu
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
308
Oyo
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
309
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
310
Eastern Han Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
311
Western Jin
-
present
Inferred No Edit
312
Erligang
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
313
Sui Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
314
Western Han Empire
-
present
Confident Yes Edit
315
Chuuk - Early Truk
-
absent
Confident No Edit
316
French Kingdom - Early Valois
-
present
Inferred No Edit
317
Ashanti Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
318
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II
-
present
Confident No Edit
319
British Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
320
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
321
Golden Horde
-
present
Inferred No Edit
322
Napoleonic France
-
present
Inferred No Edit
323
Lombard Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
324
Khwarezmid Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
325
Hohokam Culture
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
326
Saffarid Caliphate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
327
British Empire IIIIIIIIII
-
present
Inferred No Edit
328
Hawaii I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
329
Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
330
Tocharians
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit