Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Complex Fortification

The absence or presence of complex fortifications as a military technology used in warfare. when there are two or more concentric walls. so simply a wall and a donjon, for example, is not enough.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
complex_fortification The absence or presence of complex fortification for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Complex Fortification Description   Edit
61
(Neolithic Middle Ganga)
Full Year Range of Neolithic Middle Ganga is assumed.
[-7000, -3001]
unknown
None
62
(Early A'chik)
Full Year Range of Early A'chik is assumed.
[1775, 1867]
absent
None
63
(Asuka)
Full Year Range of Asuka is assumed.
[538, 710]
absent
None
64
(British Empire II)
Full Year Range of British Empire II is assumed.
[1850, 1968]
unknown
None
65
(Kadamba Empire)
Full Year Range of Kadamba Empire is assumed.
[345, 550]
unknown
None
66
(Rashtrakuta Empire)
Full Year Range of Rashtrakuta Empire is assumed.
[753, 973]
unknown
None
67
(Satavahana Empire)
Full Year Range of Satavahana Empire is assumed.
[-100, 203]
unknown
None
68
(Amorite Babylonia)
Full Year Range of Amorite Babylonia is assumed.
[-2000, -1600]
unknown
None
69
(Kassite Babylonia)
Full Year Range of Kassite Babylonia is assumed.
[-1595, -1150]
unknown
None
70
(Naqada I)
Full Year Range of Naqada I is assumed.
[-3800, -3550]
absent
None
Copyright © 2024, Seshat: Global History Databank.
Stay in touch with us: