Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Complex Fortification

The absence or presence of complex fortifications as a military technology used in warfare. when there are two or more concentric walls. so simply a wall and a donjon, for example, is not enough.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
complex_fortification The absence or presence of complex fortification for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Complex Fortification Description   Edit
51
(Neolithic Crete)
Full Year Range of Neolithic Crete is assumed.
[-7000, -3000]
absent
None
52
(New Palace Crete)
Full Year Range of New Palace Crete is assumed.
[-1700, -1450]
absent
None
53
(The Old Palace Crete)
Full Year Range of The Old Palace Crete is assumed.
[-1900, -1700]
absent
None
54
(Postpalatial Crete)
Full Year Range of Postpalatial Crete is assumed.
[-1300, -1200]
absent
None
55
(Prepalatial Crete)
Full Year Range of Prepalatial Crete is assumed.
[-3000, -1900]
absent
None
56
(Iban - Pre-Brooke)
Full Year Range of Iban - Pre-Brooke is assumed.
[1650, 1841]
absent
None
57
(Kalingga Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Kalingga Kingdom is assumed.
[500, 732]
unknown
None
58
(Chalukyas of Badami)
Full Year Range of Chalukyas of Badami is assumed.
[543, 753]
unknown
None
59
(Deccan - Iron Age)
Full Year Range of Deccan - Iron Age is assumed.
[-1200, -300]
unknown
None
60
(Naqada I)
Full Year Range of Naqada I is assumed.
[-3800, -3550]
absent
None
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