Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Earth Rampart

The absence or presence of earth ramparts as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
earth_rampart The absence or presence of earth rampart for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Earth Rampart Description   Edit
41
(Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period)
Full Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period is assumed.
[-1550, -1293]
present
None
42
(Beaker Culture)
Full Year Range of Beaker Culture is assumed.
[-3200, -2000]
unknown
None
43
(French Kingdom - Early Bourbon)
Full Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Bourbon is assumed.
[1589, 1660]
present
None
44
(French Kingdom - Late Bourbon)
Full Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Bourbon is assumed.
[1660, 1815]
present
None
45
(Proto-French Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Proto-French Kingdom is assumed.
[987, 1150]
present
None
46
(Hallstatt A-B1)
Full Year Range of Hallstatt A-B1 is assumed.
[-1000, -900]
unknown
None
47
(Hallstatt B2-3)
Full Year Range of Hallstatt B2-3 is assumed.
[-900, -700]
absent
None
48
(La Tene A-B1)
Full Year Range of La Tene A-B1 is assumed.
[-475, -325]
unknown
None
49
(La Tene B2-C1)
Full Year Range of La Tene B2-C1 is assumed.
[-325, -175]
present
None
50
(Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II)
Full Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II is assumed.
[1348, 1412]
present
None
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