Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Earth Rampart

The absence or presence of earth ramparts as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
earth_rampart The absence or presence of earth rampart for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Earth Rampart Description   Edit
51
(Ashanti Empire)
Full Year Range of Ashanti Empire is assumed.
[1701, 1895]
absent
None
52
(Hawaii II)
Full Year Range of Hawaii II is assumed.
[1200, 1580]
unknown
None
53
(Iban - Pre-Brooke)
Full Year Range of Iban - Pre-Brooke is assumed.
[1650, 1841]
unknown
None
54
(Mataram Sultanate)
Full Year Range of Mataram Sultanate is assumed.
[1568, 1703]
unknown
None
55
(Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II)
Full Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II is assumed.
[1348, 1412]
present
None
56
(Late Shang)
Full Year Range of Late Shang is assumed.
[-1250, -1045]
present
None
57
(Neolithic Middle Ganga)
Full Year Range of Neolithic Middle Ganga is assumed.
[-7000, -3001]
unknown
None
58
(Early A'chik)
Full Year Range of Early A'chik is assumed.
[1775, 1867]
absent
None
59
(Late A'chik)
Full Year Range of Late A'chik is assumed.
[1867, 1956]
absent
None
60
(Early Qing)
Full Year Range of Early Qing is assumed.
[1644, 1796]
present
None
Copyright © 2024, Seshat: Global History Databank.
Stay in touch with us: