Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Complex Fortification

The absence or presence of complex fortifications as a military technology used in warfare. when there are two or more concentric walls. so simply a wall and a donjon, for example, is not enough.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
complex_fortification The absence or presence of complex fortification for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Complex Fortification Description   Edit
31
(Asuka)
Full Year Range of Asuka is assumed.
[538, 710]
absent
None
32
(British Empire II)
Full Year Range of British Empire II is assumed.
[1850, 1968]
unknown
None
33
(Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II)
Full Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II is assumed.
[1348, 1412]
present
None
34
(Egypt - Saite Period)
Full Year Range of Egypt - Saite Period is assumed.
[-664, -525]
present
None
35
(Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period)
Full Year Range of Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period is assumed.
[-1720, -1567]
absent
None
36
(Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period)
Full Year Range of Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period is assumed.
[868, 969]
present
None
37
(Chuuk - Early Truk)
Full Year Range of Chuuk - Early Truk is assumed.
[1775, 1886]
absent
None
38
(Atlantic Complex)
Full Year Range of Atlantic Complex is assumed.
[-2200, -1000]
present
None
39
(Hallstatt A-B1)
Full Year Range of Hallstatt A-B1 is assumed.
[-1000, -900]
absent
None
40
(Naqada I)
Full Year Range of Naqada I is assumed.
[-3800, -3550]
absent
None
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