| Variable | Definition |
|---|---|
| Polity | The Seshat Polity ID |
| Year(s) | The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE] |
| Tag | [Evidenced, Disputed, Suspected, Inferred, Unknown] |
| Verified | A Seshat Expert has approved this piece of data. |
| Variable | Definition |
|---|---|
| bridge | The absence or presence of bridge for a polity. |
| # | Polity | Year(s) | Bridge | Description | Edit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 61 |
(Egypt - Middle Kingdom) |
Full Year Range of Egypt - Middle Kingdom is assumed. [-2016, -1700] |
present |
Earliest reference to small bridge is for the new kingdom. Bridges over wide expanse of water unknown.§REF§(Arnold 2003, 37)§REF§ However, it is highly probable that small bridges were necessary before this time and Egyptians would have been more than capable of building and maintaining them. | |
| 62 |
(Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period) |
Full Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period is assumed. [-1550, -1293] |
present |
Bridges over wide expanse of water unknown. Small bridges were built. A bridge at Amarna linked two parts of a royal palace that was separated by a Royal Road. It was supported by two pillars 5 meters apart.§REF§(Arnold 2003, 37)§REF§ | |
| 63 |
(Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty) |
Full Year Range of Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty is assumed. [1454, 1517] |
present |
This is based on the codes for the Rasulids as 'Sultan 'Amir also appears to have been emulating the high period of Rasulid power a hundred years earlier'§REF§Porter, Venetia Ann (1992) The history and monuments of the Tahirid dynasty of the Yemen 858-923/1454-1517, Durham theses, Durham University, p. 4 Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5867/§REF§. There was a Rasulid bridge at Damt.§REF§(Lamprakos 2016) Michele Lamprakos. 2016. Building a World Heritage City: Sanaa, Yemen. Routledge.§REF§ | |
| 65 |
(Atlantic Complex) |
Full Year Range of Atlantic Complex is assumed. [-2200, -1000] |
unknown |
No information found in sources so far. | |
| 66 |
(French Kingdom - Late Bourbon) |
Full Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Bourbon is assumed. [1660, 1815] |
present |
§REF§(Ladurie 1991, 153, 306)§REF§ | |
| 67 |
(Proto-French Kingdom) |
Full Year Range of Proto-French Kingdom is assumed. [987, 1150] |
present |
Beginning in the 11th century. §REF§(Boyer 1995, 1748-1751)§REF§ Polity funded/owned? | |
| 68 |
(French Kingdom - Late Capetian) |
Full Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Capetian is assumed. [1150, 1328] |
present |
Bridge built over Saone at St-Jean-de-Losne. §REF§(Spufford 2006, 155)§REF§ Bridge of St. Laurent at Macon. §REF§(Spufford 2006, 164)§REF§ Bridge at Avignon 1177 CE over Rhone funded by alms givers. §REF§(Spufford 2006, 169)§REF§ | |
| 69 |
(La Tene B2-C1) |
Full Year Range of La Tene B2-C1 is assumed. [-325, -175] |
present |
Lake Neuchatel trade-related bridge found, carbon-dated 251 BCE §REF§(Kruta 2004, 25)§REF§ Another bridge at found at Cornaux.§REF§(Kruta 2004, 25)§REF§ | |