Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Modern Fortification

The absence or presence of modern fortifications as a military technology used in warfare. used after the introduction of gunpowder, e.g., trace italienne/starfort.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
modern_fortification The absence or presence of modern fortification for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Modern Fortification Description   Edit
101
(Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty)
Full Year Range of Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty is assumed.
[730, 1030]
absent
None
102
(Hoysala Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Hoysala Kingdom is assumed.
[1108, 1346]
absent
None
103
(Kadamba Empire)
Full Year Range of Kadamba Empire is assumed.
[345, 550]
absent
None
104
(Kampili Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Kampili Kingdom is assumed.
[1280, 1327]
absent
None
105
(Kannauj - Varman Dynasty)
Full Year Range of Kannauj - Varman Dynasty is assumed.
[650, 780]
absent
None
106
(Magadha)
Full Year Range of Magadha is assumed.
[450, 605]
absent
None
107
(Mahajanapada era)
Full Year Range of Mahajanapada era is assumed.
[-600, -324]
absent
None
108
(Mughal Empire)
Full Year Range of Mughal Empire is assumed.
[1526, 1858]
unknown
None
109
(Rashtrakuta Empire)
Full Year Range of Rashtrakuta Empire is assumed.
[753, 973]
absent
None
110
(Geometric Crete)
Full Year Range of Geometric Crete is assumed.
[-1000, -710]
absent
None
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