Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Complex Fortification

The absence or presence of complex fortifications as a military technology used in warfare. when there are two or more concentric walls. so simply a wall and a donjon, for example, is not enough.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
complex_fortification The absence or presence of complex fortification for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Complex Fortification Description   Edit
11
(Final Postpalatial Crete)
Full Year Range of Final Postpalatial Crete is assumed.
[-1200, -1000]
absent
None
12
(Geometric Crete)
Full Year Range of Geometric Crete is assumed.
[-1000, -710]
absent
None
13
(Mataram Sultanate)
Full Year Range of Mataram Sultanate is assumed.
[1568, 1703]
present
None
14
(Himyar I)
Full Year Range of Himyar I is assumed.
[270, 340]
unknown
None
15
(Asuka)
Full Year Range of Asuka is assumed.
[538, 710]
absent
None
16
(British Empire II)
Full Year Range of British Empire II is assumed.
[1850, 1968]
unknown
None
17
(Tocharians)
Full Year Range of Tocharians is assumed.
[-129, 29]
present
None
18
(Eastern Han Empire)
Full Year Range of Eastern Han Empire is assumed.
[25, 220]
present
None
19
(Hmong - Early Chinese)
Full Year Range of Hmong - Early Chinese is assumed.
[1895, 1941]
unknown
None
20
(Naqada I)
Full Year Range of Naqada I is assumed.
[-3800, -3550]
absent
None
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