Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Settlements in a Defensive Position

The absence or presence of settlements in a defensive position as a military technology used in warfare. settlements in a location that was clearly chosen for defensive reasons. e.g. on a hill top, peninsula.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
settlements_in_a_defensive_position The absence or presence of settlements in a defensive position for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Settlements in a Defensive Position Description   Edit
171
(Ottoman Empire II)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Empire II is assumed.
[1517, 1683]
present
None
172
(Ottoman Empire III)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Empire III is assumed.
[1683, 1839]
present
None
173
(Rum Sultanate)
Full Year Range of Rum Sultanate is assumed.
[1077, 1307]
unknown
None
174
(Khanate of Bukhara)
Full Year Range of Khanate of Bukhara is assumed.
[1599, 1747]
unknown
None
175
(Ancient Khwarazm)
Full Year Range of Ancient Khwarazm is assumed.
[-1000, -521]
unknown
None
176
(Koktepe I)
Full Year Range of Koktepe I is assumed.
[-1400, -1000]
unknown
None
177
(Koktepe II)
Full Year Range of Koktepe II is assumed.
[-750, -550]
unknown
None
178
(Samanid Empire)
Full Year Range of Samanid Empire is assumed.
[819, 999]
unknown
None
179
(Sogdiana - City-States Period)
Full Year Range of Sogdiana - City-States Period is assumed.
[604, 711]
unknown
None
180
(Kushan Empire)
Full Year Range of Kushan Empire is assumed.
[35, 319]
present
None
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