Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Modern Fortification

The absence or presence of modern fortifications as a military technology used in warfare. used after the introduction of gunpowder, e.g., trace italienne/starfort.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
modern_fortification The absence or presence of modern fortification for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Modern Fortification Description   Edit
361
(Tabal Kingdoms)
Full Year Range of Tabal Kingdoms is assumed.
[-900, -730]
absent
None
362
(Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period)
Full Year Range of Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period is assumed.
[1778, 1819]
absent
None
363
(Timurid Empire)
Full Year Range of Timurid Empire is assumed.
[1370, 1526]
absent
None
364
(Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty)
Full Year Range of Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty is assumed.
[1454, 1517]
absent
None
365
(Ghur Principality)
Full Year Range of Ghur Principality is assumed.
[1025, 1215]
absent
None
366
(Yemen - Era of Warlords)
Full Year Range of Yemen - Era of Warlords is assumed.
[1038, 1174]
absent
None
367
(Eastern Han Empire)
Full Year Range of Eastern Han Empire is assumed.
[25, 220]
absent
None
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