Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Earth Rampart

The absence or presence of earth ramparts as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
earth_rampart The absence or presence of earth rampart for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Earth Rampart Description   Edit
301
(Segou Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Segou Kingdom is assumed.
[1650, 1712]
present
None
302
(Khitan I)
Full Year Range of Khitan I is assumed.
[907, 1125]
unknown
None
303
(Mongol Empire)
Full Year Range of Mongol Empire is assumed.
[1206, 1368]
present
None
304
(Rouran Khaganate)
Full Year Range of Rouran Khaganate is assumed.
[300, 555]
unknown
None
305
(Oaxaca - Tierras Largas)
Full Year Range of Oaxaca - Tierras Largas is assumed.
[-1400, -1150]
unknown
None
306
(Uigur Khaganate)
Full Year Range of Uigur Khaganate is assumed.
[745, 840]
unknown
None
307
(Early Xiongnu)
Full Year Range of Early Xiongnu is assumed.
[-1400, -300]
present
None
308
(Later Wagadu Empire)
Full Year Range of Later Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[1078, 1203]
absent
None
309
(Middle Wagadu Empire)
Full Year Range of Middle Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[700, 1077]
present
None
310
(Middle Wagadu Empire)
Full Year Range of Middle Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[700, 1077]
absent
None
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