Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Earth Rampart

The absence or presence of earth ramparts as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
earth_rampart The absence or presence of earth rampart for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Earth Rampart Description   Edit
281
(Japan - Incipient Jomon)
Full Year Range of Japan - Incipient Jomon is assumed.
[-13600, -9200]
absent
None
282
(Japan - Initial Jomon)
Full Year Range of Japan - Initial Jomon is assumed.
[-9200, -5300]
absent
None
283
(Japan - Middle Jomon)
Full Year Range of Japan - Middle Jomon is assumed.
[-3500, -2500]
absent
None
284
(Japan - Final Jomon)
Full Year Range of Japan - Final Jomon is assumed.
[-1200, -300]
absent
None
285
(Warring States Japan)
Full Year Range of Warring States Japan is assumed.
[1467, 1568]
present
None
286
(Kara-Khanids)
Full Year Range of Kara-Khanids is assumed.
[950, 1212]
present
None
287
(Classical Angkor)
Full Year Range of Classical Angkor is assumed.
[1100, 1220]
present
None
288
(Khmer Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Khmer Kingdom is assumed.
[1432, 1594]
present
None
289
(Chenla)
Full Year Range of Chenla is assumed.
[550, 825]
present
None
290
(Funan I)
Full Year Range of Funan I is assumed.
[225, 540]
present
None
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