Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Earth Rampart

The absence or presence of earth ramparts as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
earth_rampart The absence or presence of earth rampart for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Earth Rampart Description   Edit
111
(Sasanid Empire II)
Full Year Range of Sasanid Empire II is assumed.
[488, 642]
unknown
None
112
(Ashikaga Shogunate)
Full Year Range of Ashikaga Shogunate is assumed.
[1336, 1467]
present
None
113
(Qajar)
Full Year Range of Qajar is assumed.
[1794, 1925]
unknown
None
114
(Japan - Early Jomon)
Full Year Range of Japan - Early Jomon is assumed.
[-5300, -3500]
absent
None
115
(Japan - Late Jomon)
Full Year Range of Japan - Late Jomon is assumed.
[-2500, -1200]
absent
None
116
(Tokugawa Shogunate)
Full Year Range of Tokugawa Shogunate is assumed.
[1603, 1868]
present
None
117
(Western Turk Khaganate)
Full Year Range of Western Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[582, 630]
absent
None
118
(Great Ming)
Full Year Range of Great Ming is assumed.
[1368, 1644]
present
None
119
(Phoenician Empire)
Full Year Range of Phoenician Empire is assumed.
[-1200, -332]
present
None
120
(Elymais II)
Full Year Range of Elymais II is assumed.
[25, 215]
unknown
None
Copyright © 2024, Seshat: Global History Databank.
Stay in touch with us: