Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Stone Walls Mortared

The absence or presence of stone walls (mortared) as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
stone_walls_mortared The absence or presence of stone walls mortared for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Stone Walls Mortared Description   Edit
341
(Sarazm)
Full Year Range of Sarazm is assumed.
[-3500, -2000]
unknown
None
342
(Byzantine Empire I)
Full Year Range of Byzantine Empire I is assumed.
[632, 866]
present
None
343
(Elam II)
Full Year Range of Elam II is assumed.
[-743, -647]
present
None
344
(Hatti - Old Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Hatti - Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-1650, -1500]
absent
None
345
(Phrygian Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Phrygian Kingdom is assumed.
[-900, -695]
absent
None
346
(Rum Sultanate)
Full Year Range of Rum Sultanate is assumed.
[1077, 1307]
present
None
347
(Elam - Shimashki Period)
Full Year Range of Elam - Shimashki Period is assumed.
[-2028, -1940]
unknown
None
348
(Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic)
Full Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-6000, -5500]
absent
None
349
(Neo-Hittite Kingdoms)
Full Year Range of Neo-Hittite Kingdoms is assumed.
[-1180, -900]
absent
None
350
(Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling)
Full Year Range of Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling is assumed.
[1055, 1199]
absent
None
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