Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Stone Walls Mortared

The absence or presence of stone walls (mortared) as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
stone_walls_mortared The absence or presence of stone walls mortared for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Stone Walls Mortared Description   Edit
321
(Initial Formative Basin of Mexico)
Full Year Range of Initial Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-2000, -1201]
absent
None
322
(Xianbei Confederation)
Full Year Range of Xianbei Confederation is assumed.
[100, 250]
unknown
None
323
(Xiongnu Imperial Confederation)
Full Year Range of Xiongnu Imperial Confederation is assumed.
[-209, -60]
unknown
None
324
(Monte Alban II)
Full Year Range of Monte Alban II is assumed.
[-100, 200]
absent
None
325
(Monte Alban III)
Full Year Range of Monte Alban III is assumed.
[200, 500]
absent
None
326
(Uigur Khaganate)
Full Year Range of Uigur Khaganate is assumed.
[745, 840]
unknown
None
327
(Later Wagadu Empire)
Full Year Range of Later Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[1078, 1203]
present
None
328
(Monte Alban Late I)
Full Year Range of Monte Alban Late I is assumed.
[-300, -100]
absent
None
329
(Monte Alban IIIB and IV)
Full Year Range of Monte Alban IIIB and IV is assumed.
[500, 900]
absent
None
330
(Oaxaca - Rosario)
Full Year Range of Oaxaca - Rosario is assumed.
[-700, -500]
unknown
None
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