Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Stone Walls Mortared

The absence or presence of stone walls (mortared) as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
stone_walls_mortared The absence or presence of stone walls mortared for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Stone Walls Mortared Description   Edit
171
(Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period)
Full Year Range of Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period is assumed.
[-1300, -500]
unknown
None
172
(Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period)
Full Year Range of Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period is assumed.
[854, 1193]
unknown
None
173
(Byzantine Empire II)
Full Year Range of Byzantine Empire II is assumed.
[867, 1072]
present
None
174
(Byzantine Empire III)
Full Year Range of Byzantine Empire III is assumed.
[1073, 1204]
present
None
175
(East Roman Empire)
Full Year Range of East Roman Empire is assumed.
[395, 631]
present
None
176
(Ottoman Emirate)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Emirate is assumed.
[1299, 1402]
present
None
177
(Ottoman Empire II)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Empire II is assumed.
[1517, 1683]
present
None
178
(Ottoman Empire III)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Empire III is assumed.
[1683, 1839]
present
None
179
(Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early)
Full Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early is assumed.
[1566, 1713]
absent
None
180
(Pre-Ceramic Period)
Full Year Range of Pre-Ceramic Period is assumed.
[-7800, -7200]
absent
None
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