Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Military use of Metals

Steel

The absence or presence of steel as a military technology used in warfare. steel is an alloy that includes iron, so a polity that uses bronze in warfare is familiar with copper technology and probably uses it to at least a limited extent. consequently, if a culture uses steel in warfare and there is no mention of using iron then 'inferred present' is probably best.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
steel The absence or presence of steel for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Steel Description   Edit
31
(Egypt - Middle Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Egypt - Middle Kingdom is assumed.
[-2016, -1700]
absent
None
32
(Classical Crete)
Full Year Range of Classical Crete is assumed.
[-500, -323]
absent
None
33
(Early Qing)
Full Year Range of Early Qing is assumed.
[1644, 1796]
present
None
34
(Great Ming)
Full Year Range of Great Ming is assumed.
[1368, 1644]
present
None
35
(Archaic Crete)
Full Year Range of Archaic Crete is assumed.
[-710, -500]
absent
None
36
(Ptolemaic Kingdom I)
Full Year Range of Ptolemaic Kingdom I is assumed.
[-305, -217]
absent
None
37
(Late Qing)
Full Year Range of Late Qing is assumed.
[1796, 1912]
present
None
38
(Late Shang)
Full Year Range of Late Shang is assumed.
[-1250, -1045]
absent
None
39
(Western Zhou)
Full Year Range of Western Zhou is assumed.
[-1122, -771]
absent
None
40
(Yemen - Era of Warlords)
Full Year Range of Yemen - Era of Warlords is assumed.
[1038, 1174]
present
None
Copyright © 2024, Seshat: Global History Databank.
Stay in touch with us: