Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Military use of Metals

Steel

The absence or presence of steel as a military technology used in warfare. steel is an alloy that includes iron, so a polity that uses bronze in warfare is familiar with copper technology and probably uses it to at least a limited extent. consequently, if a culture uses steel in warfare and there is no mention of using iron then 'inferred present' is probably best.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
steel The absence or presence of steel for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Steel Description   Edit
111
(Andronovo)
Full Year Range of Andronovo is assumed.
[-1800, -1200]
unknown
None
112
(Phoenician Empire)
Full Year Range of Phoenician Empire is assumed.
[-1200, -332]
absent
None
113
(Bamana kingdom)
Full Year Range of Bamana kingdom is assumed.
[1712, 1861]
unknown
None
114
(Jenne-jeno I)
Full Year Range of Jenne-jeno I is assumed.
[-250, 49]
absent
None
115
(Jenne-jeno II)
Full Year Range of Jenne-jeno II is assumed.
[50, 399]
absent
None
116
(Jenne-jeno III)
Full Year Range of Jenne-jeno III is assumed.
[400, 899]
absent
None
117
(Jenne-jeno IV)
Full Year Range of Jenne-jeno IV is assumed.
[900, 1300]
absent
None
118
(Mali Empire)
Full Year Range of Mali Empire is assumed.
[1230, 1410]
unknown
None
119
(Segou Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Segou Kingdom is assumed.
[1650, 1712]
unknown
None
120
(Elam III)
Full Year Range of Elam III is assumed.
[-612, -539]
absent
None
Copyright © 2024, Seshat: Global History Databank.
Stay in touch with us: