Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Settlements in a Defensive Position

The absence or presence of settlements in a defensive position as a military technology used in warfare. settlements in a location that was clearly chosen for defensive reasons. e.g. on a hill top, peninsula.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
settlements_in_a_defensive_position The absence or presence of settlements in a defensive position for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Settlements in a Defensive Position Description   Edit
311
(Chenla)
Full Year Range of Chenla is assumed.
[550, 825]
present
None
312
(Funan II)
Full Year Range of Funan II is assumed.
[540, 640]
present
None
313
(Bamana kingdom)
Full Year Range of Bamana kingdom is assumed.
[1712, 1861]
present
None
314
(Jenne-jeno III)
Full Year Range of Jenne-jeno III is assumed.
[400, 899]
absent
None
315
(Jenne-jeno IV)
Full Year Range of Jenne-jeno IV is assumed.
[900, 1300]
absent
None
316
(Later Wagadu Empire)
Full Year Range of Later Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[1078, 1203]
present
None
317
(Middle Wagadu Empire)
Full Year Range of Middle Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[700, 1077]
present
None
318
(Early Monte Alban I)
Full Year Range of Early Monte Alban I is assumed.
[-500, -300]
present
None
319
(Monte Alban Late I)
Full Year Range of Monte Alban Late I is assumed.
[-300, -100]
present
None
320
(Monte Alban IIIB and IV)
Full Year Range of Monte Alban IIIB and IV is assumed.
[500, 900]
present
None
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