Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Earth Rampart

The absence or presence of earth ramparts as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
earth_rampart The absence or presence of earth rampart for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Earth Rampart Description   Edit
251
(Elam - Awan Dynasty I)
Full Year Range of Elam - Awan Dynasty I is assumed.
[-2675, -2100]
unknown
None
252
(Elam - Crisis Period)
Full Year Range of Elam - Crisis Period is assumed.
[-1100, -900]
present
None
253
(Formative Period)
Full Year Range of Formative Period is assumed.
[-7200, -7000]
unknown
None
254
(Ilkhanate)
Full Year Range of Ilkhanate is assumed.
[1256, 1339]
present
None
255
(Susiana - Early Ubaid)
Full Year Range of Susiana - Early Ubaid is assumed.
[-5100, -4700]
unknown
None
256
(Elam - Kidinuid Period)
Full Year Range of Elam - Kidinuid Period is assumed.
[-1500, -1400]
present
None
257
(Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic)
Full Year Range of Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-4000, -3200]
absent
None
258
(Elam - Igihalkid Period)
Full Year Range of Elam - Igihalkid Period is assumed.
[-1399, -1200]
present
None
259
(Elam - Shutrukid Period)
Full Year Range of Elam - Shutrukid Period is assumed.
[-1199, -1100]
present
None
260
(Elam I)
Full Year Range of Elam I is assumed.
[-900, -744]
present
None
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