Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Ditch

The absence or presence of ditch as a military technology used in warfare.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
ditch The absence or presence of ditch for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Ditch Description   Edit
341
(Neo-Hittite Kingdoms)
Full Year Range of Neo-Hittite Kingdoms is assumed.
[-1180, -900]
absent
None
342
(Ottoman Emirate)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Emirate is assumed.
[1299, 1402]
present
None
343
(Ottoman Empire I)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Empire I is assumed.
[1402, 1517]
present
None
344
(Ottoman Empire II)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Empire II is assumed.
[1517, 1683]
present
None
345
(Ottoman Empire III)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Empire III is assumed.
[1683, 1839]
present
None
346
(Rum Sultanate)
Full Year Range of Rum Sultanate is assumed.
[1077, 1307]
unknown
None
347
(Cahokia - Moorehead)
Full Year Range of Cahokia - Moorehead is assumed.
[1200, 1274]
absent
None
348
(Early Illinois Confederation)
Full Year Range of Early Illinois Confederation is assumed.
[1640, 1717]
absent
None
349
(Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period)
Full Year Range of Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period is assumed.
[1778, 1819]
present
None
350
(Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late)
Full Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late is assumed.
[1714, 1848]
absent
None
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