Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Complex Fortification

The absence or presence of complex fortifications as a military technology used in warfare. when there are two or more concentric walls. so simply a wall and a donjon, for example, is not enough.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
complex_fortification The absence or presence of complex fortification for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Complex Fortification Description   Edit
131
(Kansai - Kofun Period)
Full Year Range of Kansai - Kofun Period is assumed.
[250, 537]
absent
None
132
(Nara Kingdom)
Full Year Range of Nara Kingdom is assumed.
[710, 794]
present
None
133
(Tokugawa Shogunate)
Full Year Range of Tokugawa Shogunate is assumed.
[1603, 1868]
unknown
None
134
(Kansai - Yayoi Period)
Full Year Range of Kansai - Yayoi Period is assumed.
[-300, 250]
absent
None
135
(Western Turk Khaganate)
Full Year Range of Western Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[582, 630]
absent
None
136
(Funan I)
Full Year Range of Funan I is assumed.
[225, 540]
absent
None
137
(Funan II)
Full Year Range of Funan II is assumed.
[540, 640]
absent
None
138
(Jenne-jeno I)
Full Year Range of Jenne-jeno I is assumed.
[-250, 49]
absent
None
139
(Jenne-jeno II)
Full Year Range of Jenne-jeno II is assumed.
[50, 399]
absent
None
140
(Naqada I)
Full Year Range of Naqada I is assumed.
[-3800, -3550]
absent
None
Copyright © 2024, Seshat: Global History Databank.
Stay in touch with us: