Home Region:  Central Europe (Europe)

Hungary Kingdom - Árpád Dynasty

D G PT OTHER  hu_arpad_dyn

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Preceding:
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Succeeding:
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The Árpád dynasty played a key role in forming the Kingdom of Hungary into an important Christian state in medieval Europe. This period began with Saint Stephen I’s coronation, signifying the transition from a collection of Magyar tribes to a unified Christian monarchy. The Magyars, who settled in the Carpathian Basin at the end of the 9th century, were a group of nomadic tribes known for their raids across Europe. These tribes were eventually consolidated into a single nation, adopting Christianity as the central religion. This transformation laid the foundations for the modern Hungarian state, encompassing areas that today include Austria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, and Slovenia. [1] The legal and administrative systems of Hungary during this period were codified in the "laws of the king," [2] which sought to integrate Christian principles with existing tribal customs. Latin was used for administrative and religious purposes, while various dialects were spoken among the populace. The common customs and laws varied significantly across the realm. [1] Roman Catholicism, served as the cornerstone of the kingdom’s identity, with the Hungarian monarchs championing the faith and the construction of monumental religious buildings. This alliance with the Roman Catholic Church was instrumental in shaping the kingdom politically and culturally and made it a part of the Christian Kingdoms in central Europe. This alliance also brought conflict at times with the still pagan tribal people of the Kingdom. [3]
Hungary’s history during the Árpád dynasty was marked by internal strife among the nobility and external threats from invaders such as the Mongols, who devastated the kingdom in 1241. [4] The Árpád dynasty’s decline began in the late 13th century, leading to a period of interregnum and the eventual rise of the Angevin dynasty. [1]

[1]: Pál Engel, The Realm of St. Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895-1526 (London ; New York, NY: I.B. Tauris, 2005). Zotero link: 9BBKM3AR

[2]: László Kontler, Millennium in Central Europe: A History of Hungary (Budapest: Atlantisz, 1999). Zotero link: CSSN8HUW

[3]: Gyula Kristó, Magyarország története 895-1301, Osiris tankönyvek (Budapest: Osiris kiadó, 2003). Zotero link: 4YU2XJ8C

[4]: Peter Jackson, The Mongols and the West, 1221-1410, The medieval world (Harlow, England ; New York: Pearson Longman, 2005). Zotero link: GNAFQ557

General Variables
Identity and Location
Utm Zone:
34 T  
Original Name:
Hungary Kingdom  
Capital:
Esztergom 1000 CE 1256 CE
Buda 1256 CE 1301 CE
Alternative Name:
Kingdom of Hungary  
Magyar Királyság  
Regnum Hungariae  
Temporal Bounds
Duration:
[1,000 CE ➜ 1,301 CE]  
Political and Cultural Relations
Supracultural Entity:
Latin Christendom  
Succeeding Entity:
Hungary Kingdom - Anjou and Later Dynasties  
Degree of Centralization:
loose 1000 CE 1150 CE
confederated state 1222 CE 1301 CE
Language
Language:
Hungarian  
Religion
Religion Genus:
Christianity  
Religion Family:
Catholicism  
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Religion Tolerance Nothing coded yet.
Human Sacrifice Nothing coded yet.
Crisis Consequences Nothing coded yet.
Power Transitions Nothing coded yet.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Hungary Kingdom - Árpád Dynasty (hu_arpad_dyn) was in:
Home NGA: None

General Variables
Identity and Location

Original Name:
Hungary Kingdom

Capital:
Esztergom
1000 CE 1256 CE

Esztergom was the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary until 1256. [1]

[1]: “Esztergom történelme - dióhéjban - Esztergom Városa,” accessed March 3, 2024, https://www.esztergom.hu/turizmus/tortenelem/112-esztergom_tortenelme_diohejban. Zotero link: KNRBEVA7

Capital:
Buda
1256 CE 1301 CE

Béla IV changed his residence to Buda after the destruction of the capital Esztergom. [1]

[1]: “Esztergom történelme - dióhéjban - Esztergom Városa,” accessed March 3, 2024, https://www.esztergom.hu/turizmus/tortenelem/112-esztergom_tortenelme_diohejban. Zotero link: KNRBEVA7


Alternative Name:
Kingdom of Hungary
Alternative Name:
Magyar Királyság
Alternative Name:
Regnum Hungariae

Temporal Bounds
Duration:
[1,000 CE ➜ 1,301 CE]

Political and Cultural Relations
Supracultural Entity:
Latin Christendom

Succeeding Entity:
Hungary Kingdom - Anjou and Later Dynasties

Degree of Centralization:
loose
1000 CE 1150 CE

The formation of the Hungarian state under the leadership of Árpád and his successors involved the unification of various Magyar tribes and the establishment of a Christian monarchy under Stephen I. The governance structure was still evolving, with significant autonomy retained by tribal leaders and the early nobility. [1]

[1]: Pál Engel, The Realm of St. Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895-1526 (London ; New York, NY: I.B. Tauris, 2005). Zotero link: 9BBKM3AR

Degree of Centralization:
confederated state
1222 CE 1301 CE

The issuance of the Golden Bull by Andrew II marked a significant shift towards a "confederated state" , explicitly limiting the power of the monarchy in favor of greater rights and autonomy for the nobility. [1]

[1]: Pál Engel, The Realm of St. Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895-1526 (London ; New York, NY: I.B. Tauris, 2005). Zotero link: 9BBKM3AR


Language

Religion
Religion Genus:
Christianity

Religion Family:
Catholicism


Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology

Human Sacrifice Data
Human Sacrifice is the deliberate and ritualized killing of a person to please or placate supernatural entities (including gods, spirits, and ancestors) or gain other supernatural benefits.
- Nothing coded yet.
- Nothing coded yet.
Power Transitions